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Fizjologia Roślin Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary function of photosynthesis in plants?

A

To convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

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2
Q

True or False: Chlorophyll is the pigment responsible for the green color of plants and plays a crucial role in photosynthesis.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The process by which water vapor is lost from plant leaves is called __________.

A

transpiration

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4
Q

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

A

Light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.

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5
Q

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

A

Chloroplast

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6
Q

What is the role of stomata in plants?

A

To regulate gas exchange and transpiration.

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7
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of photosynthesis? A) Light intensity B) Temperature C) Soil type D) Carbon dioxide concentration

A

C) Soil type

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8
Q

What is the main product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

A

ATP and NADPH

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9
Q

True or False: The Calvin cycle occurs in the mitochondria of plant cells.

A

False

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10
Q

What is the significance of the xylem in plant physiology?

A

To transport water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The hormone __________ is primarily responsible for regulating plant growth and development.

A

auxin

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12
Q

What is the function of phloem in plants?

A

To transport sugars and nutrients produced during photosynthesis.

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13
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of plant tissue responsible for growth? A) Parenchyma B) Sclerenchyma C) Collenchyma D) Meristematic

A

D) Meristematic

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14
Q

What is the primary role of roots in plants?

A

To anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

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15
Q

True or False: The root system of a plant can affect its ability to access water and nutrients.

A

True

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves is called __________.

A

transpiration

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17
Q

What is the function of the cuticle in plants?

A

To reduce water loss and protect against environmental damage.

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18
Q

Multiple Choice: Which plant hormone is involved in the response to light? A) Ethylene B) Auxin C) Cytokinin D) Abscisic acid

A

B) Auxin

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19
Q

What is the role of gibberellins in plant growth?

A

To promote stem elongation and seed germination.

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20
Q

True or False: The apical meristem is responsible for primary growth in plants.

A

True

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a tissue that forms the outer protective covering of a plant.

A

epidermis

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22
Q

What is phototropism?

A

The growth of a plant toward light.

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23
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a primary macronutrient needed by plants? A) Iron B) Magnesium C) Nitrogen D) Zinc

A

C) Nitrogen

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24
Q

What is the role of mycorrhizae in plant roots?

A

To enhance nutrient and water absorption.

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25
True or False: Plants can only perform photosynthesis during the day.
False
26
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the plant that contains reproductive structures.
flower
27
What is the function of the ovary in flowering plants?
To house and protect the ovules.
28
Multiple Choice: Which process involves the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma? A) Pollination B) Fertilization C) Germination D) Transpiration
A) Pollination
29
What are the three main parts of a seed?
Seed coat, embryo, and endosperm.
30
True or False: Seeds can remain dormant for extended periods before germination.
True
31
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a process by which plants convert nitrogen from the atmosphere into a usable form.
nitrogen fixation
32
What is the role of abscisic acid in plants?
To promote seed dormancy and help plants respond to stress.
33
Multiple Choice: Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis? A) Stem B) Leaves C) Roots D) Flowers
B) Leaves
34
What is the difference between monocots and dicots?
Monocots have one cotyledon, while dicots have two cotyledons.
35
True or False: All plants reproduce sexually.
False
36
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant.
germination
37
What is the main function of the stem in plants?
To support the plant and transport nutrients and water.
38
Multiple Choice: Which type of plant is characterized by having vascular tissues? A) Non-vascular B) Vascular C) Bryophytes D) Algae
B) Vascular
39
What is the role of fruit in flowering plants?
To protect seeds and aid in their dispersal.
40
True or False: All plants have flowers.
False
41
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a structure that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.
leaf
42
What is the significance of transpiration in plants?
It helps with nutrient transport and temperature regulation.
43
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of plant roots? A) Anchoring the plant B) Storing nutrients C) Conducting photosynthesis D) Absorbing water
C) Conducting photosynthesis
44
What is the primary role of plant hormones?
To regulate various physiological processes in plants.
45
True or False: Plants can respond to environmental stimuli.
True
46
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the plant that develops into a fruit after fertilization.
ovary
47
What is the role of the epidermis in plants?
To protect the plant and regulate gas exchange.
48
Multiple Choice: Which part of the plant is responsible for nutrient uptake? A) Leaves B) Flowers C) Roots D) Stems
C) Roots
49
What is the function of the cambium layer in trees?
To produce new xylem and phloem cells.
50
True or False: Plant cells are different from animal cells because they have a cell wall.
True
51
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the plant that is responsible for the transport of water and nutrients.
vascular system
52
What is the primary function of leaves?
To perform photosynthesis and gas exchange.
53
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of a dicot? A) Parallel leaf veins B) Flower parts in multiples of three C) Net-like leaf veins D) One cotyledon
C) Net-like leaf veins
54
What is the significance of the annual rings in trees?
They indicate the age of the tree and growth conditions.
55
True or False: Plants can absorb nutrients through their leaves.
True
56
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the process by which plants lose excess water.
transpiration
57
What is the role of stomata in photosynthesis?
To allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to exit.
58
Multiple Choice: Which process converts light energy into chemical energy? A) Respiration B) Fermentation C) Photosynthesis D) Transpiration
C) Photosynthesis
59
What is the function of the endosperm in seeds?
To provide nutrition to the developing embryo.
60
True or False: Leaf structure plays a crucial role in maximizing photosynthesis.
True
61
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the plant that contains the reproductive organs.
flower
62
What is the role of auxins in plant growth?
To promote cell elongation and influence growth direction.
63
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a non-vascular plant? A) Fern B) Moss C) Pine tree D) Oak tree
B) Moss
64

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