Flaccid Dysarthria

Question 1

Flaccid Dysarthria

Answer 1

injury of final common parthway/LMN

Question 2

Etiology of Flaccid Dysarthria

Answer 2

-Neuromuscular junction = myasthenia gravis
-vascular disorders = brainstem stroke
-infectious processes = polio
-demyelinating disease = guillain-barre
-muscle disease = muscular dystrophy
-degenerative disease = progressive bulbar palsy
-anatomic anomalies

Question 3

Salient neuromuscular features of Flaccid Dysarthria

Answer 3

reduced muscle tone, weak, normal speech, range, steadiness, and accuracy

Question 4

Ipsilateral clinical features of flaccid dysarthria

Answer 4

hypotonia, paresis/paralysis, atrophy, fasciculation, fibrillation, hyporeflexia

Question 5

Unilateral motor clinical features of Trigeminal Nerve

Answer 5

-jaw deviates to weaker side, weak biting, and drooling

Question 6

bilateral motor clinical features of trigeminal nerve

Answer 6

jaw remains open at rest, chewing difficulty, drooling

Question 7

sensory clinical features of trigeminal nerve

Answer 7

loss of facial sensation, lip, tongue, and palate

Question 8

Unliateral (motor/sensory) speech deficits of trigeminal nerve

Answer 8

minimal effect

Question 9

bilateral motor speech deficit of trigeminal nerve

Answer 9

imprecision/slowness for PUH & jaw related sounds

Question 10

Bilateral (sensory) speech deficits

Answer 10

severe articulatory deficits

Question 11

Unilateral clinical features of facial nerve

Answer 11

facial droop, unwrinkled forehead (ipsilateral)

Question 12

Bilateral clinical features of facial nerve

Answer 12

bilateral facial weakness

Question 13

Unilateral speech deficit of facial nerve

Answer 13

cheeks flutter, poor labial closure, poor AMR for PUH, mild articulatory distortion

Question 14

bilateral speech deficits for facial nerve

Answer 14

severe distortion and inability to articulate labial sounds

Question 15

Bell’s Palsy

Answer 15

86% spontaneous recovery

Question 16

Sensory function of glossophryngeal nerve

Answer 16

pharynx, posterior 1/3 of tongue, sensory part of gag reflex

Question 17

motor function of glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 17

pharyngeal elevation

Question 18

clinical features of glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 18

reduced gag reflex & glossopharyngeal neuralgia

Question 19

speech deficits of glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 19

resonance

Question 20

List the branches of the vagus nerve

Answer 20

1. pharyngeal nerve
2. superior laryngeal nerve
3. recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 21

Function of the pharyngeal nerve

Answer 21

pharyngeal constriction & palatal elevation/retraction

Question 22

Function of the superior laryngeal branch

Answer 22

internal laryngeal nerve = sensory aryepiglottic folds

external laryngeal nerve = motor cricothyroid muscle; lengthening VF for pitch adjustments

Question 23

Function of recurrent laryngeal branch

Answer 23

motor = all intrinsic laryngeal muscle
Sensory = general sensation from glottal & subglottal areas

Question 24

Unilateral speech deficits above the three branches

Answer 24

mild-moderate hypernasality, reduced loudness, breathiness, reduced pitch, vocal flutter

Question 25

Bilateral speech deficits above three branches

Answer 25

severe hyper nasality, imprecise pressure consonants, mildly reduced loudness

Question 26

Unilateral speech deficits below the pharyngeal branch

Answer 26

ipsilateral VF in abducted position, breathiness, reduced loudness, reduced pitch, rapid vocal flutter

Question 27

Bilateral speech deficits below the pharyngeal branch

Answer 27

both VF in abducted positions; symptoms of greater severity

Question 28

Unilateral speech deficits of superior laryngeal nerve

Answer 28

mild breathiness/hoarseness, reduced loudness, mild disability to alter pitch

Question 29

Bilateral speech deficits of super laryngeal nerve

Answer 29

mild/moderated breathiness, decreased loudness, reduced ability to alter pitch