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MICROBIO/ BACTE > FLASHCARD BACTE > Flashcards

FLASHCARD BACTE

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Phenotypic
Gram (+) colonies: Dry, white, sometimes gray
Gram (-) colonies: Gray and moist

A

BAP

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2
Q

For Gram (+)
For nonfermentative
For Enterobacteriaceae

A

LOA test

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3
Q

When delayed: 4’C

Freezing: -20’C

A

Chlamydia

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4
Q

Inactivates HBV (10mins) and HIV (2mins)

A

Na hypochlorite

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5
Q

Nichrome = F(+) on oxidase test

Not longer than 5cm

A

Inoculating needles

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6
Q

2mm diameter

0.001mL urine

A

Wire loop

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7
Q

Significant for UTI

A

50k CFU/mL

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8
Q

Not Gram stained

A

Stool

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9
Q

Basis of serotyping

A

Somatic antigen

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10
Q

1st to use dyes for stain

A

Ehrlich

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11
Q

Ave. size: 0.4-2μm

Reproduction: Binary fission (two-fold increase)

A

Ave. size: 0.4-2μm

Reproduction: Binary fission (two-fold increase)

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12
Q

Thick peptidoglycan

Teichoic acid

A

Gram (+)

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13
Q

Thin peptidoglycan
LPS (Lipid A – exotoxin)
Somatic antigen

A

Gram (-)

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14
Q

Chromosome and plasmid-mediated

A

Drug-resistance

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15
Q

Calcium dipicolinate

Bacillus, Clostridium

A

Calcium dipicolinate

Bacillus, Clostridium

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16
Q

Aerotolerant anaerobes

A

Lactobacillus

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17
Q

Halophilic

Enterococcus and V. parahaemolyticus

A

Salt concentration

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18
Q

^ (up yan haha) in growth rate (cell division)

Susceptible to antimicrobial agents

A

Log/Exponential phase

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19
Q 
No net growth
Death = Live cells
Depletion of nutrients
Accumulation of toxic wastes
Sporulation
A

Stationary/plateau phase

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20
Q

Bacteria stain more by basic stains

A

Staining

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21
Q

Over-decolorization
Old dying
Acidic iodine
Penicillin: omits iodine

A

Gram (+) becomes (-)

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22
Q

Under-decolorization

Thick smear

A

Gram (-) becomes (+)

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23
Q

M. smegmatis vs. M. tuberculosis

A

Pappenheim’s

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24
Q

M. leprae vs. M. tuberculosis

A

Baumgarten’s

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25
M. leprae | Counterstain: Hematoxylin
Fite Faraco
26
``` Mycobacterium Nocardia = Mod. AFS (1% H2SO4 as decolorizer) Cryptosporidium Legionella micdadei Rhodococcus equi ```
Acid fast organisms
27
``` Best AFS C-A-M 1. Carbolfuchsin = 1’ stain -Start timing: Vapor (10mins) -Heat = Mordant 2. 3% Acid alcohol = Decolorizer -HCl + 95% etOH -Until no more stain (Max: 3mins) 3. Methylene blue = counterstain -30secs to 1min Results: AFO = Red NAFO = Blue ```
Ziehl-Neelsen (Hot method)
28
``` Not used C-A-M 1. Carbolfuchsin = 1’ stain -Phenol, Tergitol = Mordant 2. 3% Acid alcohol = Decolorizer 3. Malachite Green = Counterstain Results: AFO = Red NAFO = Green ```
Kinyoun (Cold method)
29
``` Most sensitive 1. Auramine-rhodamine = 1’stain 2. 0.5% Acid alcohol = Decolorizer 3. 0.5% KMnO4 = Counterstain Results: AFO = Yellow fluorescence NAFO = No fluorescence ```
Auramine-Rhodamine (Fluorochrome)
30
``` Capsule = Negative stain Spore = Dorner, Wirtz, Conklin Metachromatic granules - Albert’s -Loeffler’s Alkaline Methylene Blue (LAMB) lec.mt 04 |Page | 58 Flagella = Leifson Nucleic acid = Feulgen Polar bodies (ex: Y. pestis) = Wayson Rickettsia = Gimenez Spirochetes = Levaditi ```
Special stains
31
For study of living unstained organisms
Phase contrast microscope
32
``` For viruses Light source: Electrons 100,000x magnification Stains: -Negative stain -PTA -Heavy metals (Gold, Silver) ```
Electron microscope
33
DNA, RNA, chromosomes
Transmission EM
34
For tissue culture
Inverted Microscope
35
Dual light source
Interference microscope
36
String’s test (3% KOH)
Non staining method
37
Streak plate = overlap method Pour plate = Water and milk bacteriology Selective medium Animal inoculation = for virus, Chlamydia, Rickettsia
Pure culture
38
2 or more organisms
Mixed culture
39
Stored at refrigeratior or freezer (long term)
Stock culture
40
Broth
Liquid
41
0.5-1% agar
Semi-solid
42
2-3% agar
Solid
43
Nonfastidious organisms 1. Sheep BAP = Hemolysis 2. Horse BAP = Haemophilus - Heat-stable, provides X-factor 3. Nutrient agar
General purpose media
44
Solid Fastidous organisms 1. CAP = Heat-labile, provides X & V factor
Enriched media
45
Liquid 1. Selenite F 2. Alkaline peptone water 3. Thioglycollate broth
Enrichment media
46
1. BAP = hemolysis 2. MAC 3. EMB 4. XLD 5. HEA
Differential media
47
Inhibitory media 1. TCBS 2. SSA 3. TMA 4. CBAP
Selective media
48
Antibiotics Dyes, bile salts = inhibit Gram (+) Alcohol (PEA) = inhibit Gram (-)
Inhibitory agents
49
High risk No treatment available Inhalation of aerosols Ex. Small pox
BSL IV
50
High risk Treatment available Inhalation of aerosols Ex. Mycobacteria (BSC Class II)
BSL III
51
Moderate risk
BSL II
52
No risk
BSL I
53
BHIB + 0.25% SPS Dilution = 1:10 (1mL blood, 9mL broth) Anti-complementary, anticoagulant, antiphagocytic Neutralizes aminoglycosides
Blood culture bottle
54
Rgt: tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride in dimethylsulfoxide (+) Purple
Modified oxidase test
55
1. Toluidine blue (pink zone)/ Methyl green (clear zone) | 2. HCl precipitation: no pptn. after adding 1N HCl when DNase (+) = pink
DNase test
56
Medium: MSA (7.5% NaCl) Indicator: Phenol Red (+) Yellow (-) Red
Mannitol fermentation
57
``` Vector: Sandfly Infections: -Carrion’s disease -Verruga peruana: skin eruptions -Oroya fever: anemia ```
B. bacilli formis
58
``` Fusiform Gliding motility Periodontal disease (oral flora) = periodontitis Large spreading colonies (-) Oxidase (-) Catalase (-) Indole (+) Esculin hydrolysis, NO3 reduction ```
Capnocytophaga
59
Old: Achromobacterium Violacein: violet colored MAC: NLF NH4 cyanide
C. violaceum
60
``` Infections: Cat scratch disease Bacillary angiomatosis Peliosis Hepatitis (NG) MAC ```
B. henselae
61
Yellow milk
Flavobacterium synxanthum

MICROBIO/ BACTE (1 decks)

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