Flashcards

Question 1

Movement

Answer 1

Change of position or place.

Question 2

Respiration

Answer 2

Chemical reactions that break down nutrients & release energy.

Question 3

Sensitivity

Answer 3

Ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment.

Question 4

Growth

Answer 4

Permanent increase in size

Question 5

Reproduction

Answer 5

Process that makes more of the same kind of organism

Question 6

Excretion

Answer 6

Removal of toxic materials or substances in excess of requirement.

Question 7

Nutrition

Answer 7

Taking in materials for energy, growth, and development.

Question 8

Diffusion

Answer 8

Net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration as a result of random movement.

Question 9

Osmosis

Answer 9

Solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one.

Question 10

Hypertonic

Answer 10

High solute concentration and low water concentration

Question 11

Hypotonic

Answer 11

Low solute concentration and high water concentration.

Question 12

Concentration Gradient

Question 13

Plant tissue in a hypertonic solution

Answer 13

water from the cytoplasm moves outside, shrinking the cell.

Question 14

Water potential

Answer 14

Depends on pressure, volume and concentration.

Question 15

Biological molecules

Answer 15

Chemical elements that make up carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

Question 16

What are starch and glycogen

Answer 16

Large polymer molecules made from glucose.

Question 17

What are proteins

Answer 17

Long chains of amino acids linked together.

Question 18

What are fats and oils

Answer 18

Fats: Solids at rtp of 20°C and pressure of 1atm
Oils: Oils are liquid at rtp, made of fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 19

Test for Starch

Answer 19

Iodine test

Question 20

Test for Reducing Sugars

Answer 20

Benedict test

Question 21

Test for Proteins

Answer 21

Biuret test

Question 22

Test for fats and oils

Answer 22

Ethanol Emulsion test

Question 23

Most important solvent

Answer 23

Water

Question 24

What are Enzymes

Answer 24

Proteins that function as biological catalysts that speeds up the reaction rate without getting involved in the reaction.

Question 25

What are catalysts

Answer 25

Substances that speed up the reaction rate.

Question 26

Cell wall

Answer 26

Maintains the shape and structure of the cells. Made from cellulose.

Question 27

Cell membrane

Answer 27

Protects/separates the cell from its surroundings. controls the movement in and out of cells.

Question 28

Cytoplasm

Answer 28

Jelly-like substance that fills the cell and suspends organelles in place.

Question 29

Nucleus

Answer 29

Where all genetic material is stored and tells the cell what to do.

Question 30

Chloroplasts

Answer 30

Structure containing Chlorophyll.

Question 31

Vacuole

Answer 31

Stores nutrients and maintains water and pH balance required by a cell to survive, and stores waste products preventing the cell from contamination

Question 32

Ribosomes

Answer 32

Receive instructions from the RNA to synthesize proteins

Question 33

Mitochondria

Answer 33

Gives the cell its energy

Question 34

Stem cells

Answer 34

Undifferentiated cells that can divide and produce differentiated cells within the tissue

Question 35

Ciliated cells

Answer 35

With tiny hair-like projections that can move.

Question 36

Palisade mesophyll cells

Answer 36

In the upper part of the leaf with a large number of chloroplasts.

Question 37

Red blood cells

Answer 37

They do not have a nucleus, so they cannot divide. They are made in bone marrow, last 120 days and are filled with haemoglobin to pick up oxygen from the lungs.

Question 38

Human sex cells

Answer 38

Sperm cell and egg cell.

Question 39

Root hair cells

Answer 39

Specialized cells at the tip of a plant root, allows the plant to absorb more water and minerals

Question 40

What is Magnification

Answer 40

Magnification is the process of enlarging the apparent size

Question 41

What is a solution

Answer 41

A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances.

Question 42

Solvent

Answer 42

Usually the liquid, it is the one present in bigger concentration

Question 43

Solute

Answer 43

The one present in smaller concentration.

Question 44

Diluted solution

Answer 44

Contains more solvent that solute

Question 45

Concentrated solution

Answer 45

Contains more solute than solvent

Question 46

Turgid

Answer 46

Becoming hard and swollen.

Question 47

Lysis

Answer 47

Burst.

Question 48

All three biomolecules contain:

Answer 48

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Question 49

Polymers

Answer 49

Large molecules made of monomers and make up many of the materials in nature

Question 50

What are Proteins made from

Answer 50

Peptides

Question 51

What are Carbohydrates made from

Answer 51

Simple sugars

Question 52

What are Lipids made from

Answer 52

Fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 53

Fats at rtp

Answer 53

Solid at room temperature of 20° and pressure of 1atm

Question 54

Oils at rtp

Answer 54

liquid at room temperature.

Question 55

What do carbohydrates provide

Answer 55

energy

Question 56

What do lipids provide

Answer 56

Give the cells structure and allow substances to enter and leave the cells.

Question 57

What do proteins help us build

Answer 57

Muscle

Question 58

What are peptides

Answer 58

Long chains of amino acids linked together to form chains

Question 59

Magnification formula+example

Answer 59

Magnification= Image size/ actual size