flashcards

Question 1

Front

Answer 1

Back

Question 2

Information Systems

Answer 2

A coordinated set of components for collecting, storing, and processing data and delivering information, knowledge, and digital products.

Question 3

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)

Answer 3

Integrated software systems used to manage and automate core business processes across various departments in an organization.

Question 4

TPS (Transaction Processing System)

Answer 4

A system that collects, stores, modifies, and retrieves the data transactions of an organization.

Question 5

CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

Answer 5

A strategy and software system used to manage interactions with current and potential customers, aiming to improve relationships and business outcomes.

Question 6

Legacy Systems

Answer 6

Older computer systems or applications that are still in use, often due to their critical role in business operations, despite being outdated.

Question 7

SCMS (Supply Chain Management Systems)

Answer 7

Software solutions that facilitate the management of supply chain activities, from procurement to production to distribution.

Question 8

MIS (Management Information Systems)

Answer 8

Systems that provide managers with tools to organize, evaluate, and manage departments within an organization.

Question 9

DSS (Decision Support System)

Answer 9

Computer-based information systems that support decision-making activities by analyzing data and presenting actionable information.

Question 10

EIS (Executive Information System)

Answer 10

A specialized DSS designed to help executives make strategic decisions by providing easy access to internal and external data.

Question 11

Sustaining Information Systems

Answer 11

Systems that support ongoing operations and maintenance of an organization’s current business processes.

Question 12

Strategic Information Systems

Answer 12

Systems that provide a competitive advantage by helping organizations achieve strategic goals.

Question 13

IS Reference Disciplines

Answer 13

Various academic fields that contribute to the study and practice of Information Systems, including computer science, management science, and economics.

Question 14

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Answer 14

The primary component of a computer that performs most of the processing inside a computer.

Question 15

Computational Speed

Answer 15

The rate at which a computer or processing unit can execute instructions and perform calculations.

Question 16

HDD vs. SSD

Answer 16

HDD (Hard Disk Drive) uses spinning disks for storage, while SSD (Solid State Drive) uses flash memory, offering faster data access.

Question 17

Primary vs. Secondary Storage

Answer 17

Primary storage is fast and temporary (e.g., RAM), while secondary storage is slower but long-term (e.g., HDD, SSD).

Question 18

Volatile vs. Non-Volatile

Answer 18

Volatile memory requires power to maintain data (e.g., RAM), while non-volatile memory retains data without power (e.g., ROM).

Question 19

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Answer 19

A type of volatile memory that stores data actively being used by the CPU.

Question 20

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

Answer 20

Non-volatile memory that is permanently programmed with data and retains it even when the power is off.

Question 21

Cloud Services

Answer 21

Services delivered over the internet, allowing access to data and applications remotely, including IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.

Question 22

Guided Network Media

Answer 22

Communication medium using physical conduits to transmit data, such as twisted pair and fiber optic cables.

Question 23

Network Protocols

Answer 23

Rules and conventions for transmitting data over a network, such as TCP/IP and HTTP.

Question 24

Network Bandwidth

Answer 24

The maximum rate of data transfer across a network connection, measured in bits per second.

Question 25

IP Address

Answer 25

A unique identifier assigned to each device on a network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.

Question 26

Ping

Answer 26

A network utility used to test the reachability of a host and measure round-trip time for messages.

Question 27

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

Answer 27

A protocol for transmitting hypertext via the World Wide Web, facilitating communication between browsers and servers.

Question 28

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

Answer 28

A technology that creates a secure and encrypted connection over the internet for privacy and security.

Question 29

Firewall

Answer 29

A network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules.

Question 30

CIA Triad

Answer 30

A model focusing on three key principles: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability in information security.

Question 31

2FA (Two-Factor Authentication)

Answer 31

A security process requiring two forms of identification to verify a user's identity.

Question 32

DoS and DDoS Attacks

Answer 32

DoS (Denial of Service) attacks overwhelm a target with traffic, while DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) uses multiple compromised systems.

Question 33

Encryption

Answer 33

A process that transforms data into a coded format to prevent unauthorized access.

Question 34

Malware Types

Answer 34

Various malicious software forms, including viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, spyware, adware, and rootkits.

Question 35

Authentication

Answer 35

The process of verifying the identity of a user, device, or system before granting access to resources.

Question 36

Authorization

Answer 36

The process of granting permission to a user to access specific resources after their identity has been authenticated.

Question 37

System Vulnerabilities

Answer 37

Weaknesses in a system that can be exploited by attackers to gain unauthorized access or cause harm.

Question 38

Network Sniffing

Answer 38

The practice of monitoring and capturing data packets traveling over a network, which can be used for legitimate or malicious purposes.

Question 39

Checksums

Answer 39

A value calculated from data to verify its integrity during transmission or storage.

Question 40

AI Ethics, Privacy, and Security

Answer 40

Concerns regarding the moral implications of AI, individual privacy rights, and the security of AI systems.

Question 41

Malicious and Non-Malicious Insiders

Answer 41

Malicious insiders exploit access for harm, while non-malicious insiders cause breaches inadvertently through negligence.