Flashcards

Question 1

What do glands do,what is considered the master gland?

Answer 1

Glands secrete hormones.The master gland is the pituitary gland.

Question 2

What is a conscious response

Answer 2

A conscious response is a signal that travels to the brain,then signals are sent to the effector.

Question 3

What is a reflex response?

Answer 3

A reflex response bypasses the brain and goes straight to the effector.

Question 4

What does a stimulant do,how does it work?

Answer 4

A stimulant increases your reaction time(eg caffine),by speeding up the rate of neurotransmitters crossing synapses.

Question 5

How does your body deal with high and low blood glucose levels?

Answer 5

With High amounts of glucose the pancreas secrets insulin,which causes glucose to be absorbed into cells to be used for respiration.With low amounts of glucose the pancreas secretes glucagon,which causes the liver and muscles to convert glycogen back into glucose.

Question 6

What does the hormone thyroxine do?

Answer 6

Controls the bodies metabolic rate

Question 7

What does the hormone adrenaline do?

Answer 7

Promotes ‘fight or flight’ response.Increase heart and breathing rate.

Question 8

What are the four hormones in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 8

LH,FSH,oestrogen,progesterone.

Question 9

What is the role of FSH?

Answer 9

To mature the eggs and causes the ovaries to produce oestrogen.

Question 10

What is the role of oestrogen?

Answer 10

Causes uterus lining to thicken,inhibits FSH as well.

Question 11

What is the role of LH?

Answer 11

Causes egg to be released.

Question 12

What is the role of progesterone?

Answer 12

Secreted by ovaries to maintain uterus lining.

Question 13

Describes the structure of DNA

Answer 13

Double helix shaped polymer that contains genetic code.

Question 14

Give one advantage of asexual reproduction.

Answer 14

Only requires one parent.

Question 15

Give one advantage of sexual reproduction.

Answer 15

Causes genetic variation.

Question 16

What is meant by homozygous?

Answer 16

Has two type of the same allele

Question 17

What is meant by heterozygous?

Answer 17

Has a recessive allele and a dominant allele (Bb)

Question 18

What do food chains/diagrams show?

Answer 18

The distribution of energy within an ecosystem or shows direction of energy between trophic levels.

Question 19

How do humans affect biodiversity?

Answer 19

Land is used for farming,quarrying and building with requires deforestation

Question 20

Why do pyramids of biomass always get smaller with each trophic level?

Question 21

Which useful characteristic are crops genetically modified for?

Answer 21

Larger yields

Question 22

What is a concern about genetically modified crops?

Answer 22

They will harm wildlife.

Question 23

What is the name of a piece of DNA that codes for a characteristic?

Answer 23

Gene

Question 24

What type of substance is made using the dna code?

Answer 24

Proteins

Question 25

Suggest one reason why a women might not want to have an embryo screening

Answer 25

Ethical/emotional issues

Question 26

What is an abiotic factor

Answer 26

Non living factor of an evirnonment

Question 27

Give two factors which might affect the number of butter cups growing on a school field (dont use water)

Answer 27

Soil quality,sunlight

Question 28

What is an independent variable and what is a dependent variable

Answer 28

Independent-thing that is changed in an experiment Dependant-one you measure

Question 29

Which domain are insects in?

Answer 29

Eukaryo

Question 30

Describe how a low blood glucose concentration would lead to a person feeling weak

Answer 30

Energy levels,glucose is a primary energy source for cells in the body.When levels drop the body doesn’t have enough energy to function properly leading to weakness and fatigue

Question 31

Why do people have severe water shortages now than in 2007? 2 answers.

Answer 31

More water is used for crops Climate change has increase the area of deserts an

Question 32

Leaves on a tree contain carbon compounds In autumn the leaves fall to the ground Microorganisms in the soil recycle carbon from the leaves so that the carbon is used for new plant growth Explain how

Answer 32

Leaves on a tree contain carbon compounds.When they fall in autumn microorganisms in the soil break them down through decomposition.As they decompose these microorganisms release nutrients and carbon back into the soul.New plants then use this recycled carbon through their roots,using it for growth during photosynthesis.This process helps sustain the environment by recycling carbon and enriching the soil.

Question 33

What order does the nervous system go in? Explain each one.

Answer 33

Stimulus-something in the environment triggers a response (touching something hot) Receptors-sensory receptors detect the stimulus Sensory neurone-signal is sent through sensory neurones to the CNS Central nervous system-brain and spinal cord process the information Motor neurone-Brain sends signals through the motor neurone Effector-effectors(glands/muscle)carries out the response

Question 34

What is a genome?

Answer 34

Genome is the entire set of genetic material in an organism

Question 35

What is genetic variation,and what is environmental variation?

Answer 35

Genetic variation-differences in genes and alleles between organisms Environmental variation-physical differences caused by factors other than genes such(like your accent)

Question 36

What is meant by speciation?

Answer 36

When a specie evolves so much it becomes its own species

Question 37

What is meant by extinction?

Answer 37

When a species is completely wiped out

Question 38

What is the three domain system

Answer 38

Archae (primitive bacteria) Bacteria(true bacteria) Eukaryota (fungi,plants,animals and protists)

Question 39

What is the acronym for classification?

Answer 39

Kevin’s (kingdom) Poor(phylum) Cow (class) Only (order) Feels(family) Good (genus) Sometimes ( species)

Question 40

What is a mutation?

Answer 40

Change in dna sequence of an organisms genome