Flashcards

Question 1

What occurs during Telophase?

Answer 1

The chromosomes reach opposite poles and begin to decondense, becoming thread-like and invisible. Two daughter nuclei are formed, and the nucleolus reappears.

Question 2

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 2

Cytokinesis is the process where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in the formation of two new daughter cells.

Question 3

How does cytokinesis differ in plant cells?

Answer 3

In plant cells, a cell plate is formed along the midline instead of a cleavage furrow.

Question 4

What is the significance of mitosis?

Answer 4

Mitosis is essential for growth, restoration of the body, wound healing, and formation of blood cells.

Question 5

What are the two stages of meiosis?

Answer 5

Meiosis is completed through two stages: meiosis I and meiosis II.

Question 6

What happens during meiosis I?

Answer 6

Recombination/crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes, which are then divided into two groups, forming two haploid cells.

Question 7

What is RNA Polymerase?

Answer 7

RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template.

Question 8

What are RNA Nucleotides?

Answer 8

RNA Nucleotides are the building blocks of RNA, consisting of a ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 9

What is Transcription?

Answer 9

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Question 10

Where does Transcription occur?

Answer 10

Transcription occurs in the nucleus of the cell.

Question 11

What is the role of mRNA?

Answer 11

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Question 12

Who is Dr. Har Govind Khorana?

Answer 12

Dr. Har Govind Khorana was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1967 for his contributions to the understanding of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis.

Question 13

What is the structure of mRNA?

Answer 13

mRNA is made up of thousands of nucleotides linked together by phosphodiester bonds.

Question 14

What is the significance of the sequence in mRNA?

Answer 14

The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

Question 15

What is RNA Polymerase?

Answer 15

RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template.

Question 16

What are RNA Nucleotides?

Answer 16

RNA Nucleotides are the building blocks of RNA, consisting of a ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 17

What is Transcription?

Answer 17

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Question 18

Where does Transcription occur?

Answer 18

Transcription occurs in the nucleus of the cell.

Question 19

What is the role of mRNA?

Answer 19

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Question 20

Who is Dr. Har Govind Khorana?

Answer 20

Dr. Har Govind Khorana was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1967 for his contributions to the understanding of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis.

Question 21

What is the structure of mRNA?

Answer 21

mRNA is made up of thousands of nucleotides linked together by phosphodiester bonds.

Question 22

What is the significance of the sequence in mRNA?

Answer 22

The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

Question 23

What is the function of the appendix in our digestive system?

Answer 23

The appendix is thought to play a role in gut health, although its exact function is not fully understood.

Question 24

Are our wisdom teeth really useful for chewing food?

Answer 24

Wisdom teeth are often considered vestigial and are not essential for chewing food.

Question 25

Why did huge animals like dinosaurs become extinct?

Answer 25

Dinosaurs became extinct due to a combination of factors, including environmental changes and possibly an asteroid impact.

Question 26

Why are many species of animals and birds getting extinct?

Answer 26

Many species are getting extinct due to habitat loss, climate change, pollution, and human activities.

Question 27

What is evolution?

Answer 27

Evolution is the gradual change occurring in living organisms over a long duration, leading to the development of new species through natural selection.

Question 28

How long ago did life first appear on Earth?

Answer 28

Life is believed to have first appeared on Earth about 5 billion years ago.

Question 29

What may have formed the first primitive cells?

Answer 29

The first primitive cells may have formed from a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds.

Question 30

What is the range of animal diversity on Earth?

Answer 30

Animal diversity ranges from unicellular organisms like Amoeba to complex organisms like humans and giant whales.

Question 31

What is the range of plant diversity on Earth?

Answer 31

Plant diversity includes species from unicellular Chlorella to large trees like the banyan tree.

Question 32

What is the theory of evolution?

Answer 32

The theory of evolution states that the first living material formed in the ocean, leading to the gradual development of unicellular organisms into more complex forms over approximately 300 crore years.

Question 33

What does the theory of evolution explain?

Answer 33

It explains the progressive development of plants and animals from ancestors with different structural and functional organizations.

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