Flashcards rapidos
(30 cards)
What is the Innovator’s Dilemma?
When a successful company fails because it ignores cheaper, simpler innovations that later take over the market.
What is Clayton Christensen’s solution to the Innovator’s Dilemma?
Create a separate unit/team focused on disruptive innovation, independent from the main business.
Give an example of a company that solved the Innovator’s Dilemma.
Apple:built secret teams to develop the iPhone while the iPod was still a big success. This shows that protecting innovation and accepting lower profits at first can help companies stay in the lead.
What are three challenges companies face with GDPR?
Complex systems, lack of staff training, and resistance to change.
What is Collect (Input) in an information system? Give an example.
It is when the system receives raw data. Example: barcode scan at Dunnes Stores checkout.
What does ‘Processing’ mean in an information system? Give an example.
Processing is when the system calculates and prepares the transaction. Example: adds prices, applies discounts.
What is an ‘Output’ in an information system? Give an example.
Output is the result. Example: the receipt showing what was bought and paid.
What is ‘Storing’ in an information system? Give an example.
Storing data (Storage) - saving it for later use. Example: a bank keeps your transaction history in safe databases.
What is the ‘authentication rule’ in a checkout system?
The system recognises the product being scanned.
What is the ‘validation rule’ in a checkout system?
The system checks if the data is correct and exists in the database.
What is the ‘Transaction limit rule’ in a checkout system?
The system accepts only allowed payment methods or values.
What is the ‘confirmation rule’ in a checkout system?
The transaction is finalised only after successful payment approval.
What did Clayton Christensen mean by ‘doing the right thing will kill the company’?
Market leaders focus too much on current success and ignore new innovations. This can lead to failure.
What is an example of a company that failed by doing the right thing?
Blockbuster. They ignored streaming and protected physical rentals. Netflix took the lead.
How can a company solve the Innovator’s Dilemma according to Christensen?
Create a separate unit to innovate freely with new resources, processes and culture.
Give a real example of a company solving the Innovator’s Dilemma.
Apple is a good example. It built secret teams to develop the iPhone while the iPod was still a big success. This shows that protecting innovation and accepting lower profits at first can help companies stay in the lead
What is one GDPR rule related to data storage?
Organisations must delete or anonymise old data. Example: AIB removes inactive records.
How does GDPR affect access control?
Only authorised people can access data. Secure logins are needed.
What is GDPR consent management?
Companies must record clear consent before using data. Example: cookie permissions.
What is GDPR’s rule on data breaches?
Breaches must be reported within 72 hours. Example: email alerts for suspicious access.
How do weak passwords threaten information security?
Easy passwords allow hackers in. Strong password policies solve this.
What is the danger of phishing emails?
They trick users to share data or install malware. Training helps prevent this.
Why is using personal devices risky for company security?
They may be unsecured. Use company devices or install security tools.
What is the problem with sharing login credentials?
It’s unsafe. Each person should use individual logins with tracking.
