flashcards_bci
(15 cards)
Define a brain–computer interface (BCI).
A system that translates brain activity into commands for external devices without peripheral nerves or muscles.
What are the three main categories of signal acquisition for BCIs?
Invasive, partially invasive, non-invasive.
Which EEG component underlies the famous “oddball” paradigm?
The P300 event-related potential.
Typical frequency range used for SSVEP stimulation?
About 3–70 Hz.
Purpose of common spatial pattern (CSP) analysis.
Maximises variance differences between two classes to enhance motor-imagery discrimination.
Name a benefit of hybrid BCIs.
Increased robustness and command set by combining multiple modalities.
What is event-related desynchronisation (ERD)?
A task-related decrease in EEG power within a specific band (e.g., mu/beta) during motor imagery.
Describe filter-bank CCA in one sentence.
It applies multiple band-pass filters before CCA to improve SSVEP frequency detection.
Main ethical issue with “brain-phishing.”
Unauthorised inference of private cognitive or personality information from EEG.
Balanced accuracy formula.
(Sensitivity + Specificity) / 2.
Key hardware advance enabling mobile BCIs.
Dry or water-based EEG electrodes reducing set-up time.
What does “asynchronous BCI” mean?
The user can issue commands at any time without system-paced cues.
Role of Riemannian geometry in BCIs.
Classifies EEG covariance matrices directly on their manifold for improved robustness.
Give one application of collaborative BCI.
Group decision-making tasks where aggregated EEG accelerates consensus.
Why are high-frequency (>25 Hz) SSVEPs visually safer?
They lie above the flicker-fusion threshold, reducing risk of photosensitive epilepsy.
