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Flir Infrared Training Center Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of certification?

A

Written testimony of qualification

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2
Q

What does it mean to be certified by the Infrared Training Center?

A

you showed up did the work and passed the test

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3
Q

Do modern infrared cameras require additional sources of visible light to operate?

A

No they use radiation to work

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4
Q

Is night vision technology the same as infrared?

A

no night vision needs small bits of light to work and thermal needs heat energy

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5
Q

Outside, what is the coldest thing at which you could point your infrared camera?

A

The sky

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6
Q

What three critical camera parameters cannot be changed after an image has been saved?

A

Focus
Range
Distance

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7
Q

How would you describe a camera’s resolution?

A

Resolution is the amount of pixles a camera can record Camera lens can increase resolution

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8
Q

What is a camera’s field of view?

A

What the entire scene on the screen

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9
Q

What is the simplest way to ensure that you are covering enough pixels to fulfill measurement?

A

You want to make sure the radical area is completely filled in

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10
Q

What could be done to improve the measurement spot size?

A

Lens change or get closer

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11
Q

What is meant by spot size ratio?

A

The relationship from the distance of the camera to the spot being measured DS Ratio
Distance from the target divided by the size of the target

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12
Q

Does electronic or digital zooming improve or change the resolution?

A

No it just inlarges the pixels

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13
Q

What is the purpose of a non-uniformity correction (NUC)?

A

Reset the pixles to become uniform
Reduses electronic noise

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14
Q

What is the definition of energy?

A

The ability to do work (The application of force through a distance)

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15
Q

What are some common energy units?

A

Joule, BTU, Calorie (Thermal) Calorie (Food) Kilowatt-Hour

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16
Q

What does the conservation of energy principle state?

A

The total number of energy in a closed system remains constant

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17
Q

What is the definition of heat?

A

A form of energy that is transferred by a diffrence in temperature

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18
Q

What is the definition of temperature?

A

The measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in an object or system

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19
Q

What is the definition of absolute zero?

A

The theoretical point where molecular motions are at minimum

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20
Q

How would you convert temperature difference measurements between Celsius and Fahrenheit?

A

(C*1.8)

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21
Q

What is heat transfer?

A

The flow of heat energy from a body of higher temperature to one of the lower temperature

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22
Q

In which direction does heat spontaneously flow?

A

From hotter to colder

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23
Q

What is thermal equilibrium?

A

Condition that exists beween two objects when they have reached the same temperature and heat energy no longer flows between them
Heat will not flow

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24
Q

What is the difference between a steady-state and transient condition?

A

Steady state exists when temperature differences do not vary over time
The heat energy flowing through a material or between materials is constant and not changing
Temps remain constant. Transient state is when temperate changes over time

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25
What is heat capacity?
The ability of a material to store heat
26
What is conduction?
Transfer of heat energy through a material
27
How would doubling the thickness of a wall impact the heat flow rate?
Less heat would flow
28
Which types of materials conduct heat well?
Metals Silver Copper Aluminum
29
Which types of materials conduct heat poorly?
Styrofoam Argon Air Fiberglass
30
What is a thermal gradient?
Gradual change in temperature over distance
31
What is the difference between direct and indirect heat transfer?
Direct you are able to directly see the source of heat (Mechanical connection) Indirect You are unable to directly see the source of heat (wires in a conduit)
32
What is convection?
Heat Transfer due to bulk movement of fluid
33
What is the difference between natural and forced convection?
With natural the movement of fluid is effected by the density changes due to temperature changes With forced it uses a pump, fan or even wind to forcibly push fluid around in a system to transfer heat
34
What is infiltration and exfiltration?
Infiltration is air moving into a volume due to a pressure difference Exfiltration is air moving out of volume due to a pressure diffrence
35
Why is it not advisable to perform a thermography inspection under high wind conditions?
A 3-mph wind can cut the temperature rise in half
36
What kind of thermal pattern is indicative of convection heat transfer?
Wispy
37
Why can surface water be detected by an infrared camera?
The change in energy
38
What is radiation?
The process of heat trasfer via electromagnetic waves
39
What is the only form of heat transfer that occurs in opaque solids?
Conduction
40
Does radiation heat transfer require a material medium?
NO
41
What is qualitative thermography?
The analysis of thermal patterns by eye
42
What is quantitative thermography?
Temperature Measurement
43
What waveband is commonly referred to as “mid wave infrared”?
3 um to 5um
44
What waveband is commonly referred to as “long-wave infrared”?
7.5um to 14um
45
According to the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, what is the relationship between temperature and emitted radiation
A small increase in the temperature of a radiating body results in a large amount of additional radiation being emitted
46
What is a blackbody?
A perfect absorber and emitter of radiation
47
What is emissivity?
The ratio of the actual amount of electromagnetic radiation emitted by an odject, compared to the amount emitted by an ideal blackbody at the same temperature
48
Describe the relationship between emissivity (ε), reflectivity (ρ), and transmissivity (τ).
The sum of the three would equil 1 because of the principal of energy conservation
49
Describe the relationship between emissivity (ε), reflectivity (ρ), and transmissivity (τ) for opaque bodies.
Since opaque materials don’t transmit radistion it would be simplified to Emissivity + Reflectivity=1
50
Does a high emissivity target show apparent temperatures that are close to true temperatures?
Yes
51
Does the image from an infrared camera always represent exact variations in temperature?
No Emissivity and resolution could be off
52
If an opaque object reflects 20% of the IR radiation striking its surface, what is the emissivity of that object?
80%
53
What is the emissivity of an object that has a reflectivity of 0.20 and a transmissivity of 0.30?
.50
54
What is apparent temperature?
The temperature that it feels like to the human body
55
What is calibration?
The process of comparing measured results with established sources traceable to known standards
56
What is adjustment?
A set of operations carried out on a measurement systems to bring into compliance with stated specifications
57
Who can calibrate a camera?
Any calibration lab with traceable reference sources
58
What can be used for an informal measurement verification?
Can be performed by the camara operator using a known temperature source Ice bath (32deg)
59
What is a specular reflector?
A mirror-like quality of a reflection in one direction Speck
60
What is a diffuse reflector?
Scatters the radiation in all directions Diffuse the reflection
61
What is the reflected apparent temperature?
The apparent temperature of the other objects that are reflected by the target into the IR camera Uncompensated reading from the IR camera (RAT) CAT always gets the RAT
62
What two methods can be used to measure the reflected apparent temperature?
Reflector method or Direct method Emissivity to 1 and distance to zero
63
What measurement parameters account for atmospheric effects?
Distance to target Atmospheric temperature Relative humidity
64
Which four factors have the largest influence on emissivity?
Material, Temperature Surface Structure Geometry Angle Wavelength
65
Does the color of a surface affect its emissivity?
NO
66
Do unoxidized, smooth metals have a high or a low emissivity?
Low emissivity
67
What is a simple technique for determining whether a thermal anomaly is a true hot spot or a reflection?
Take reflective temperature
68
How would sandblasting a smooth, shiny metal surface affect the emissivity of that surface?
Higher emissivity
69
How does the viewing angle affect a surface’s emissivity?
At 90deg your body heat might reflect you want to be around 30-80deg
70
What are some infrared transmissive materials commonly used in camera lenses and IR windows?
Calsium Choliride Mesh Zinc celinade Germanimum
71
What is the external optics transmission used for?
Seeing through a view window
72
Why is a baseline survey important?
They are important for comparative measurments
73
What type of measurement is typically used when determining fault classification criteria?
Delta T
74
Is trending considered a data-driven or knowledge based diagnostic approach?
Data Driven
75
What two organizations can provide guidance with regards to infrared program development?
ISO-18434-1 ASNT-SNT-TC-1A NFPA NETA
76
How would you define fault classification criteria?
establish criteria based on temperature differences and patterns
77
What are some general guidelines for inspection report content?
Name, Date, Equipment type Wind and sky condition
78
Name three things you may be asked to do in preparation for a thermography inspection:
Sign in Safety Breifing PPE
79
Name three examples of PPE:
Gloves Hard hat Safety Glasses Ear Protection
80
Name three potential jobsite hazards:
Electrocution trip hazards noise level Heat
81
What is the difference between passive and active thermography?
passive looking at something in its normal state Active Do something with the equipment before we start

Flir (3 decks)

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