floatation

Question 1

This is a separation process commonly used in the mining and mineral processing
industries.

a. Flotation
b. Flotation Agents
c. Flotation Cells
d. Flocculation

Answer 1

a. Flotation

Question 2

These cells provide the necessary environment for air bubbles to interact with
hydrophobic particles, causing them to rise to the surface for collection.

a. Surface Chemistry
b. Reagents
c. Flotation Cells
d. Air Bubbles

Answer 2

c. Flotation Cells

Question 2

Do not use mechanical agitation but rely on the introduction of air under pressure.

a. Surface Chemistry
b. Pneumatic cells
c. Flotation Cells
d. Air Bubble

Answer 2

b. Pneumatic cells

Question 3

Described as one of the early types of flotation cells used in the mineral processing industry; it was oldest and simplest but is now practically obsolete.

a. Mechanical Flotation Cells
b. Pneumatic Flotation Cells
c. Hybrid Flotation Cells
d. Simple Callow flotation cell

Answer 3

d. Simple Callow flotation cell

Question 4

The size range of materials treated in floatation.

a. from 10 mesh to below 120 mesh
b. from 40 mesh to below 200 mesh
c. from 20 mesh to below 200 mesh
d. from 60 mesh to below 240 mesh

Answer 4

c. from 20 mesh to below 200 mesh

Question 5

Particles that attract water.

a. Hydrostatic
b. Hydrophobic
c. Hydrophilic
d. Hydroponics

Answer 5

c. Hydrophilic

Question 6

Particles that repel water.

a. Hydrostatic
b. Hydrophobic
c. Hydrophilic
d. Hydroponics

Answer 6

b. Hydrophobic

Question 7

This loss in _______ is a measure of the wettability of the solid phase by the air and there- fore an indication of the flotability.

a. Energy
b. Power
c. Orthokinetic
d. Surface

Answer 7

a. Energy

Question 8

In From Flotation, chemical agent added to cause ar adherence le called

a. Frothers
b. Modifier
c. Collectors
d. Promoter

Answer 8

c. Collectors

Question 9

Chemicals used to control the flotation environment and adjust the interaction
between collectors and the mineral surfaces.

a. Frothers
b. Modifier
c. Collectors
d. Promoter

Answer 9

b. Modifier

Question 10

This kind of methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC).

a. Polyglycols
b. Frothing Agents
c. Alcohols
d. Frothers

Answer 10

c. Alcohols

Question 11

Widely used for sulfide minerals such as copper, lead, and zinc. They form
a hydrophobic layer on the mineral surface.

a. Xanthates
b. Fatty Acids
c. Frothers
d. Amine Compound

Answer 11

a. Xanthates

Question 12

Amine Compounds are used for ________ and oxide minerals.

a. Silicate
b. Fluorite
c. Phosphate
d. Fatty Acid

Answer 12

a. Silicate

Question 13

Frothing Agents is specifically designed compounds like ________

a. Fluorite
b. Silicate
c. Pine oil
d. Oil

Answer 13

c. Pine oil

Question 14

They ensure that air bubbles are evenly distributed and have sufficient stability to
carry the hydrophobic particles to the surface. Common frothers include:

a. Xanthates, Fatty Acids and Amine
Compounds.
b. Activators, Depressants and pH
Regulators.
c. Collectors, Frothers and Modifiers
d. Alcohol, Polyglycols and Frothing agents

Answer 14

d. Alcohol, Polyglycols and Frothing agents

Question 15

Are substances that help produce a stable froth layer at the top of the flotation
cell.

a. Collectors
b. Modifier
c. Promoters
d. Frothers

Answer 15

d. Frothers

Question 16

Modifiers are chemicals used to control the flotation environment and adjust the
interaction between collectors and the __________

a. Surface Chemistry
b. Flotation Cells
c. Air Bubbles
d. Mineral Surface

Answer 16

d. Mineral Surface

Question 17

According to the report, what determines whether particles attach to air bubbles and float in flotation?

a. Particle size
b. Temperature
c. Electrical Conductivity
d. None of the Above

Answer 17

d. None of the Above

Question 18

What is discharged as tailings in the flotation process?

a. Froth layer
b. Valuable minerals
c. Depleted slurry
d. Hydrophobic particles

Answer 18

c. Depleted slurry

Question 19

In which application is flotation used to concentrate sulfide ores of copper, lead, and zinc?

a. Recycling
b. Wastewater treatment
c. Agriculture
d. Mineral Processing

Answer 19

d. Mineral Processing

Question 20

What distinguishes a Jameson cell from a mechanical flotation cell?

a. It uses mechanical agitation.
b. It relies on air pressure.
c. It has a high-shear environment.
d. It uses a sparger for air introduction.

Answer 20

c. It has a high-shear environment.

Question 21

Flotation relies on the relative adsorption or __________ of solid surfaces by the
fluid, which is controlled by surface or interfacial energy, where interfacial tension
plays a critical role.

a. Dry of Solid Surface by the fluid
b. Wetting of Solid Surface by the fluid
c. Dry Air
d. None of the above

Answer 21

b. Wetting of Solid Surface by the fluid

Question 22

The effectiveness of flotation depends on the differences in the surface chemistry
of the materials to be separated.

a. Surface Chemistry
b. Reagents
c. Flotation Cells
d. Air Bubbles

Answer 22

a. Surface Chemistry

Question 23

is fed to a flotation cell termed the rougher, where the first or rough separation by
flotation is made

a. Rougher
b. Reagents
c. Bubbles
d. Conditioner

Answer 23

d. Conditioner

Question 24

The other material which sinks in the water and is removed from the bottom is called ________ ? a. Tailings b. Scavenger c. Ball mill d. Feed

Answer 24

a. Tailings

Question 25

The aggregation of particles to form larger clusters. a. Floatation b. Screening c. Coagulation d. Flocculation

Answer 25

d. Flocculation

Question 26

Destabilize particles by reducing its repulsive charges. a. Floatation b. Screening c. Coagulation d. Flocculation

Answer 26

c. Coagulation

Question 27

Chemical additives that cause suspended solids to form aggregates called flocs. a. Flocculating agents b. Chelating agents c. Floatation agents d. Oxidizing agents

Answer 27

a. Flocculating agents

Question 28

Which of the following is a primary mechanism driving perikinetic flocculation? a. Gravity b. Centrifugal force c. Brownian Motion d. Electrical charge

Answer 28

c. Brownian Motion

Question 29

The person who developed the model for perikinetic flocculation, focusing on the diffusional flux of particles towards a stationary particle. a. Francis Buttowski b. Von Smoluchowski c. Yerachmiel Argaman d. Warren Kaufman

Answer 29

b. Von Smoluchowski

Question 30

This random movement that causes particles to come into contact with each other in perikinetic flocculation. a. Radial diffusion b. Osmosis c. Centrifugal motion d. Brownian motion

Answer 30

d. Brownian motion

Question 31

The movement of particles towards a central particle in a radial direction. a. Radial diffusion b. Osmosis c. Centrifugal motion d. Brownian motion

Answer 31

a. Radial diffusion

Question 32

What is the significance of flocculation in water treatment, particularly in the context of contact flocculation - direct filtration, as emphasized in the report? a. It reduces the need for granular bed filters. b. It facilitates the removal of suspended particles during filtration. c. It increases the requirement for extensive coagulation stages d. It enhances the efficiency of sedimentation processes.

Answer 32

b. It facilitates the removal of suspended particles during filtration.

Question 33

What is the recommended design rate for reverse graded filters in direct filtration? a. Up to 20 m h^–1 b. 36 to 58 m h^–1 c. 10 m h^–1 d. 25 m h^–1

Answer 33

c. 10 m h^–1

Question 34

Which type of filter media configuration is NOT advised for normal direct filtration rates ranging from 10 to 18 m^3 m^–2 h^–1? a. Single-media sand filters b. Dual-media anthracite and sand filters c. Mixed-media sand, anthracite, and garnet filters d. Mixed-media anthracite, sand, and garnet filter

Answer 34

a. Single-media sand filters

Question 35

Which stage of the filtration process involves various factors such as interception, settling, diffusion, and hydrodynamic forces? a. Transport b. Attachment c. Coagulation d. Sedimentation

Answer 35

a. Transport

Question 36

What is a significant advantage of direct filtration over conventional methods, as highlighted in the report? a. Reduction in filter backwash water usage b. Increase in filter run times c. Cost Reductions d. Higher removal efficiency for suspended solid

Answer 36

c. Cost Reductions

Question 37

What is the primary disadvantage associated with direct filtration in terms of operational challenges? a. Higher capital costs b. Shorter filter runs c. Lower backwash water usage d. Reduced chemical usage

Answer 37

b. Shorter filter runs

Question 38

Which factor primarily contributes to the reduced operational and maintenance costs associated with direct filtration? a. Increased chemical usage b. Minimal equipment required c. Longer filter runs compared to traditional methods d. Lower backwash water usage

Answer 38

b. Minimal equipment required

Question 39

Which parameter is used to optimize filter operation in direct filtration systems according to the report? a. Suspended solids concentration b. Turbidity level c. Hydraulic head loss d. Filtration rate

Answer 39

c. Hydraulic head loss

Question 40

Which operational aspect of direct filtration is recommended, especially for waters with elevated iron concentrations or when polyelectrolytes are used, according to the report? a. Lowering backwash rates b. Increasing filter run times c. Implementing surface wash or air scour d. Reducing filter media size

Answer 40

c. Implementing surface wash or air scour

Question 41

What process occurs when suspended particles adhere to the grain surfaces or existing deposits within the filter bed? a. Attachment b. Sedimentation c. Coagulation d. Transport

Answer 41

a. Attachment

Question 42

What is flocculation? a. The process of breaking down large particles into smaller ones. b. The aggregation of particles to form larger clusters. c. The chemical reaction that dissolves particles in a fluid. d. The process of separating solids from liquids by sedimentation.

Answer 42

b. The aggregation of particles to form larger clusters.

Question 43

What is the difference between flocculation and coagulation? a. Coagulation destabilizes particles, while flocculation aggregates them into flocs. b. Coagulation involves particle aggregation, while flocculation involves particle dispersion. c. Flocculation occurs before coagulation. d. Flocculation and coagulation are identical processes.

Answer 43

a. Coagulation destabilizes particles, while flocculation aggregates them into flocs.

Question 44

Flocculation uses _____ to form aggregates from suspended solids. a. flocculating agents b. flocs c. alums d. coagulants

Answer 44

a. flocculating agents

Question 45

In water treatment, flocculation is used to remove _____. a. Floating particles b. Suspended sediments c. Bubbles d. Froth

Answer 45

b. Suspended sediments

Question 46

All are types of flocculants, except? a. Inorganic Flocculants b. Organic Flocculants c. Monomeric Flocculants d. Polymeric Flocculants

Answer 46

c. Monomeric Flocculants

Question 47

All are types of polymeric flocculants, except? a. Anionic polymers b. Cationic polymers c. Ionic polymers d. Nonionic polymers

Answer 47

c. Ionic polymers

Question 48

In perikinetic flocculation, what is the role of Brownian motion? a. It causes particles to settle at the bottom. b. It induces random movement leading to particle collisions. c. It generates heat to dissolve particles. d. It increases the viscosity of the fluid.

Answer 48

b. It induces random movement leading to particle collisions.

Question 49

In the context of perikinetic flocculation, What does the term 'radial diffusion' refer to? a. The movement of particles towards the fluid surface. b. The movement of particles away from a central point. c. The movement of particles in a circular motion. d. the movement of particles towards a central particle in a radial direction

Answer 49

d. the movement of particles towards a central particle in a radial direction