Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology Exam 3 > Fluid and Hemodynamics 2 > Flashcards

Fluid and Hemodynamics 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a thrombus?

A

Platelets + Fibrin + cellular elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does a thrombus attach?

A

Vessel wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a clot?

A

RBCs + coagulation factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is a clot?

A

Not attached to vessel wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does a “Currant-jelly clot” look like?

A

Dark to red black, smooth and shiny surface, rubbery, uniform, molded to shape of vessel, not attached, and has RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does a “Chicken-fat clot” look like?

A

Smooth and shiny surface, rubbery, uniform, molded to shape of vessel, yellow, results from settling and separate of RBCs and plasma, supernatant, no/few RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Appearance of thrombus?

A

Heterogeneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are lines of Zahn?

A

Alternating layers of platelets/fibrin (pale) and RBCs (dark) in arterial thrombi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cause of thrombus? Cause of Clot?

A

Endothelial injury

Stagnant blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Consistency of thrombus? of Clot?

A

Dry

Moist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Surface of thrombus? of Clot?

A

Granular, rough

Smooth, glistening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does arterial thrombus look like?

A

Pale, gray-tan, friable, concentric layers, attached to vessel wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does venous thrombus look like?

A

Red, friable, attached to vessel wall, commonly confused with clot, can be occlusive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How can thrombosis alter normal blood flow? (2)

A

Turbulence

Stasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Virchow’s triad is made up of what?

A

Hypercoagulability
Hemodynamic changes
Endothelial injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Turbulence is caused by what?

A

Arterial and cardiac thrombi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What causes stasis?

A

Venous thrombi

18
Q

What do ulcerated atherosclerotic plaques cause?

A

Local turbulence

19
Q

Primary hypercoaguability caused by?

A

Genetics defects/deficiencies

20
Q

Secondary hypercoagulability is what?

A

Acquired hypercoagulability states

21
Q

What removes a thrombus?

A

Fibrinolysis or phagocytosis

22
Q

What happens when a thrombus retracts?

A

Incorporates into a vessel wall

23
Q

Venous thrombosis characteristics (3)

A

Red
More red cells, fewer platelets
Most in deep veins of legs

24
Q

What is an embolism?

A

Detached intravascular solid, liquid, or gaseous mass carried by the blood stream to distant sites

25
Q

What accounts for most emboli?

A

Fibrinous emboli from fibrin

26
Q

What is a gas embolus?

A

Rapid decompression -> gas out of solution -> gas bubbles

27
Q

What is parasitic embolus?

A

Parasites in circulation

28
Q

Neoplastic embolus?

A

Metastasis involves entry into and dispersion by circulation

29
Q

Fibrocartilaginous embolus?

A

Ruptured vertebral disc fragments

30
Q

Amniotic fluid embolus?

A

Tear in placenta and infusion of amniotic cells into circulation

31
Q

Foreign body embolus?

A

Bullets, ethers, and hairs

32
Q

Where do pulmonary emboli most often come from?

A

Deep veins of lower legs

33
Q

What are systemic emboli?

A

Emboli traveling in arterial circulation

34
Q

Majority of system emboli arise from what?

A

Intracardiac mural thrombi

35
Q

what s intracardiac mural thrombi associated with?

A

Left ventricular wall infarcts or dilated left atria

Atrial fibrillation

36
Q

Types of Infarction (2)

A

Red

White

37
Q

Biggest cause of infarcts?

A

Arterial thrombi

38
Q

What is white infarct?

A

Arterial occlusion in solid tissue (tissue too dense for seepage of blood into infarcted area

39
Q

When does red infarct occur?

A

When blood flow is reestablished after arterial occlusion

40
Q

Microscopic features of infarcts? (3)

A

Coagulative necrosis (except brain)
Occluded vessels
Congestion, leukocytes influx, later fibrosis

41
Q

Outcome of infarcts dependent on?

A

Tissue susceptibility
Collateral circulation
Dual blood supply

42
Q

Which organs have dual blood supplies? (3)

A

Lung
Liver
Small intestine

Pathology Exam 3 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions