Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing Assessment > Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance > Flashcards

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance Flashcards

1
Q

Isotonic

A

same concentration of particles as plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hypotonic

A

lesser concentration of particles than plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hypertonic

A

greater concentration of particles than plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What effect does isotonic have on the fluid in the cells?

A

there is a nice even distribution of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If you have a dehydrated cell what kind of fluid would you give?

A

a hypotonic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If you have cells with edema what kind of solution would you give?

A

a hypertonic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the normal lab value of sodium?

A

134 - 145 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the normal lab value of calcium serum?

A

8.6 - 10.2 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the normal lab value of ionized calcium?

A

4.5 - 5.1 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the normal lab value of potassium?

A

3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the normal lab value of magnesium?

A

1.3 - 2.3 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the normal lab value of chloride?

A

97 - 107 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the normal lab value of phosphate?

A

2.5 - 4.5 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the normal lab value of bicarbonate?

A

22 - 29 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What electrolyte controls and regulates volume of body fluids?

A

Sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What electrolyte involves nerve impulse, blood clotting, muscle contraction, and B12 absorption?

A

Calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What electrolyte is the chief regulator of cellular enzyme activity and water content?

A

Potassium

18
Q

What electrolyte involves metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins and vital actions involving enzymes?

A

Magnesium

19
Q

What electrolyte maintains osmotic pressure in blood and produces hydrochloric acid?

A

Chloride

20
Q

What electrolyte is involved in important chemical reactions in the body, cell division, and hereditary traits?

A

Phosphate

21
Q

What electrolyte is the body’s primary buffer system?

A

Bicarbonate

22
Q

What is calcium serum?

A

The total amount of calcium circulating in the blood

23
Q

What is ionized calcium?

A

The calcium that is not attached to proteins and is free to be used by the body

24
Q

Hypovolemia

A

A deficiency in the amount of water and electrolytes in ECF with near-normal water to electrolyte proportions. In other waters you are losing equal amounts of water and electrolytes at the same time.

25
Q

Hypovolemia is also known as?

A

Fluid deficit

26
Q

What are the assessments for hypovolemia?

A
  • assess muscle strength
  • assess skin for color and moisture
  • take vital signs for respirations
27
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of hypovolemia?

A
  • decreased or no urine output
  • weakness
  • skin is pallor, cold, or clammy
  • rapid breathing
  • anxiety of confusion
28
Q

What are the common causes of hypovolemia?

A
  • hemorrhage (internal or external wounds)
  • persistent vomiting or diarrhea
  • dehydration and malnutrition
29
Q

Hypervolemia

A

An excessive retention of water and sodium in ECF/vascular space. We are holding on to fluid.

30
Q

Hypervolemia is also known as?

A

Fluid excess

31
Q

What are the assessments for hypervolemia?

A
  • inspect and palpate for edema
  • take vital signs for respirations and BP
32
Q

What are some signs and symptoms for hypervolemia?

A
  • rapid weight gain
  • edema
  • shortness of breath
  • high blood pressure
33
Q

What are the common causes of hypervolemia?

A
  • CHF
  • kidney failure
  • liver failure
  • IV fluids
34
Q

What is third-space fluid shift?

A

a shift of body fluid into potential body spaces

35
Q

What is interstitial-to-plasma shift?

A

movement of fluid from space surrounding cells to blood

36
Q

Hyponatremia

A

decreased or low levels of sodium in the blood

37
Q

What is the lab value of hyponatremia?

A

blood sodium less than 135 mEq/L

38
Q

What is happening in the body during hyponatremia?

A

fluid moves from ECF (vascular space) to the ICF (cellular space)

39
Q

What are the assessments for hyponatremia?

A
  • vital signs of BP
  • neuroligical assessment
  • inspect and palpate for edema
  • inspect skin for dryness
40
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of hyponatremia?

A
  • confusion
  • hypertension
  • edema
  • muscle cramps
  • weakness
  • dry skin
  • seizures
41
Q

What are the common causes of hyponatremia?

A
  • sweat (diaphoresis)
  • diuretics
  • vomiting
  • diarrhea

Nursing Assessment (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions