Fluid, Electrolytes, and acid-base balance Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Fluid, Electrolytes, and acid-base balance Deck (6)
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1
Q

Normal values for pH, PCO2, sodium, and bicarb

A

pH: 7.40-7.44
PCO2: 40-44
Sodium: 140-144
Bicarb: 25 mEq

2
Q

First rule when assessing acid base balance

A

Determine the pH status
>7.44 alkalosis
<7.40 acidosis

3
Q

Second rule when assessing acid base balance

A

Determine whether the primary processes is respiratory, metabolic, or both

Look at PCO2:

  • Less than 40 mmHg = RESP ALKALOSIS (hyperventilating)
  • Greater than 44 mmHg = RESP ACIDOSIS (not breathing enough)

Look at bicarbonate

  • greater than 25 mEq = MET ALKALOSIS
  • less than 25 mEq = MET ACIDOSIS
4
Q

What does a high anion gap indicate

A

It indicates metabolic acidosis

5
Q

What acid base combination is never possible

A

Resp acidosis and resp alkalosis

6
Q

What is the only difference between arterial and venous blood gas

A

Venous blood gas does not have an accurate measurement of O2