FLUIDS PRESCRIBING Flashcards
(23 cards)
what are the 4 fluids types to remember for the PSA?
- sodium chloride 0.9%
- potassium chloride 0.3%
- potassium chloride 0.15%
- glucose 5%
what is the amount of sodium in 1000ml of sodium chloride 0.9%
150 mmol Na
what is the amount of potassium in 1000ml of potassium chloride 0.3%
40 mmol K
what is the amount of potassium in 1000ml of potassium chloride 0.15%?
20 mmol K
what is the amount of glucose in 1000ml of glucose 5%?
50g glucose
what is the maximum rate of potassium infusion?
10 mmol/hr
how long would it take for 1000ml of potassium chloride 0.3% to be infused?
minimum 4hrs as contains 40mmol K
how long would it take for 1000ml of potassium chloride 0.15% to infuse?
minimum 2hrs as contains 20 mmol K
what are the daily requirements?
water = 25-30 ml/kg/day
sodium = 1 mmol/kg/day
potassium = 1 mmol/kg/day
glucose = 50-100g/day
what is the daily requirement for water?
25-30 ml/kg/day
what is the daily requirement for sodium?
1 mmol/kg/day
what is the daily requirement for potassium?
1 mmol/kg/day
what is the daily requirement for glucose?
50-100 g/day
what fluid would you prescribe in resuscitation?
sodium chloride 0.9% 500ml over 10 minutes
what fluid would you prescribe for emergency hypoglycaemia?
glucose 20% 100ml over 15 minutes
what fluid would you prescribe for emergency hypokalaemia?
sodium chloride 0.9% / potassium chloride 0.3% 1000ml over 4hrs
what fluids would you prescribe for emergency hypercalcaemia?
sodium chloride 0.9% 1000ml over 4hrs
what fluids would you prescribe for maintenance fluids without deficits or losses?
water = 25-30 ml/kg/day
sodium = 1 mmol/kg/day
potassium = 1 mmol/kg/day
glucose = 50-100g/day
(aim 1000ml over 8-12hrs)
what fluids would you prescribe for maintenance fluids with deficits or losses (e.g. vomiting, diarrhoea, low Na or K)?
minimum 30 ml/kg/day water
ensure electrolytes are replaced
(aim 1000ml over 4-6hrs)
what fluids would you prescribe for emergency resuscitation in children?
sodium chloride 0.9% 10mg/kg over 10 minutes
what fluids would you prescribe for maintenance without deficits or losses in children?
100 ml/kg for <10kg
50 ml/kg for 10-20kg
20 ml/kg for >20kg
sodium chloride 0.9%/glucose 5% = fluid of choice
how do you work out how much fluid deficit there is in paeds?
fluid deficit = % dehydration x weight (kg) x 10
how do you work out the replacement fluid volume for paediatrics with a deficit?
- work out deficit
( % dehydration x weight x 10) - work out maintenance volume
(100ml/kg for 10kg, 50ml/kg for 10-20kg, 20ml/kg for >20kg) - add both volumes together
(deficit + maintenance volume)
