Flying

Question 1

Bernoulli’s Principle

Answer 1

• Points of faster fluid experience lower pressure than points of slower fluid speed. (Think above wing FAST and LOW, under wing is SLOW and HIGH)

Question 2

EWCG

Answer 2

Empty Weight Center of Gravity

Question 3

MEW

Answer 3

Manufacturer’s Empty Weight

Question 4

OEW

Answer 4

Operating Empty Weight

MEW + Crew + Fluids + Unusable Fuel + Equip

Question 5

AUW (AGW)

Answer 5

All-Up Weight (Aircraft Gross Weight) aka weight at any given moment during flight

Question 6

MLW

Answer 6

Max Landing Weight

Question 7

MZFW

Answer 7

Max Zero Fuel Weight

Question 8

MTOW

Answer 8

Max Takeoff Weight

Question 9

MRW

Answer 9

Max Ramp Weight

Question 10

Flight Envelope

Answer 10

Limits of:
Speed
Altitude
AoA

Question 11

What are Netwon’s 3 Laws?

Answer 11

1. Law of Inertia
2. Law of Motion
3. Law of Gravitation

Question 12

Law of Intertia

Answer 12

Object at rest stays a rest and an object in motion stays in motion (@ a constant velocity unles acted upon by an unbalanced force i.e gravity or friction)

Question 13

What are the 4 types of friction

Answer 13

1. Sliding (Kinetic) - Surface on Surface
2. Fluid - Resistance when moved
3. Rolling - Same as sliding but rather something is rolled
4. Static - Keeps an object at rest when acted on by an external force

Question 14

Law of Motion

Answer 14

When a body is acted upon by a constant force, its resulting acceleration is inversely proportionate to the mass of the body & directly proportional to the applied force (Net Force = Mass x Acceleration)

Question 15

How is force measured

Answer 15

Newton (N)

Question 16

How is mass weighed

Answer 16

Kiligrams (Kg)

Question 17

How is acceleration measured

Answer 17

Acceleration = meters/second/second or m/s^2

Question 18

Law of Gravitation

Answer 18

A particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportinal to the square of the distance between them (Fg= G(m1m2/d^2)

Question 19

Parasite Drag

Answer 19

Any “parasite” on the structure of the plane: low air pressure in the tires, skin friction, or anything that increases turbulence.

Question 20

Profile Drag

Answer 20

Produced by the shape of the aircraft. Smaller, slimmer aircraft reduces drag

Question 21

Induced Drag

Answer 21

At the back of the wing, airflow rapidly across the top meets air flowing more slowly underneath, creating a vortex… this type of drag depends on the performance of the aircraft.

Question 22

Axes of an Aircraft

Answer 22

Longitudinal (Roll) = nose to tail
Lateral (Pitch) = wingtip to wingtip
Vertical (Yaw) = perpendicular to the wings

Question 23

Truss aircraft structure

Answer 23

Consists of welded steel-tubing longerons separated by diagonal members to endure the loads placed upon the aircraft

Question 24

Monocoque aircraft structure

Answer 24

Consists of a thin sheet-aluminum alloy curved to fit the shell fo the fuselage

Question 25

Types of Wings

Answer 25

Low, Mid, High Cantilever, Semi-Cantilever, Biplane Dihedral, Anhedral

Question 26

Wing Planforms

Answer 26

Rectangular (simplest, highly efficient, used in light GA) Elliptical (most efficient, lowest possible induced drag) Tapered (cross between rectangular and elliptical, better lift distribution and moderate efficiency) Swept (tapered to reduce drag... tendency to twist under stress)

Question 27

Thrust Horsepower equation

Answer 27

thp= (thrust x aircraft speed in mph)/375 pph

Question 28

Shallow Turn degree

Answer 28

20 degrees

Question 29

Medium Turn degree

Answer 29

20-45 degrees

Question 30

Steep Turn degree

Answer 30

45 degrees

Question 31

Vy

Answer 31

Best RATE of climb - gaining most altitude shortest period of time

Question 32

Vx

Answer 32

Best ANGLE of climb - gaining most altitude in a short distance

Question 33

Skidding Turn

Answer 33

Ball is on outside of turn - centrifugal force reaction is greater than gravity

Question 34

Slipping Turn

Answer 34

Ball is on inside of turn coordinator- more bank than needed and gravity is greater than centrifugal force reaction