FMF 102 Flashcards
USMC HISTORY
USMC was created on (DATE) in (CITY, STATE) at (LOCATION) by (PERSON) and raised (THIS MANY) battalions.
- 10 nov 1775
- Philadelphia, PA
- CAPT Samuel Nicholas
- Tun Tavern
- two
The “first Commandant of the USMC”
CAPT Samuel Nicholas
In (YEAR) was USMC first landing of the Revolutionary War in (LOCATION). They seized (WHAT). The uniform was a stiff leather stock around their neck resulting in (WHAT).
- 1776
- New Providence Island, Bahamas
- Guns and ammo
- The term “Leatherneck” = Marine
In (YEAR) USMC stormed the Barbary Pirates’ stronghold in Burma. It was the first time (WHAT WAS DONE) in (THIS PART OF THE WORLD). “Shores of Tripoli.”
- 1805
- “Stars and Stripes” raised
- The Eastern Hemisphere
In (YEAR) USMC were the first US troops to invade (WHERE) and occupied the “Halls of Montezuma” during (WHAT) battle. They also helped take (STATE).
- 1847
- Mexico City
- Battle of Chapultepec
- California
In (YEAR), under the command of (WHO), USMC put down an attempted (WHAT) led by (WHO) at (WHERE).
- 1859
- Col. Robert E. Lee
- Slave revolt
- Abolitionist John Brown
- Harper’s Ferry
In (YEAR) USMC adopted (WHAT) by (WHO).
(WHAT) - Represents the Nation itself
(WHAT) - Worldwide service & sea traditions
- 1868
- The E.G.A.
- 7th CMC, BrigGen Jacob Zeilin
- Eagle
- Globe & anchor
In (YEAR) the official motto of the USMC became (WHAT), which means “always faithful.”
- 1883
- Semper Fidelis
In (YEAR) USMC defended American Legation (WHERE) during (WHAT) Rebellion. The small defense force held out against the Boxers until relief was able to reach them and end the rebellion.
- 1900
- Peking, China
- The Boxer
In (YEAR) USMC established its aviation unit. Major (WHO) was its first Pilot.
- 1913
- Alfred A. Cunningham
In (YEAR) USMC was part of American force (WHERE). They distinguished themselves and were awarded a number of decorations. The French Fourragere is worn by (WHO).
- 1917
- France
- 5th & 6th Marines
In (YEAR) USMC was reorganized into a (WHAT) establishing (WHAT) between Fleet and Marines. (WHAT) was established (WHERE) and Marines devoted long hours to (WHAT).
- 1933
- Fleet Marine Force
- “command and administrative relations”
- Marine Corps Equipment Board
- Quanico, VA
- Testing & developing materials for landing ops & expeditionary service
In (YEAR) USMC landed (WHERE). It was the longest war in its history. Also, USMC formed a core of multinational force and quickly restored peace by landing (WHERE) to evacuate and protect U.S. citizens.
- 1965
- South Vietnam
- Dominican Republic
In (YEAR) USMC was deployed (WHERE) displaying a force in (WHAT).
- 1982
- Lebanon
- Readiness
In (DATE) suicide bomb struck HQ BLDG killing (NUMBER) and wounding (NUMBER) of Americans. Last Marine withdrew (DATE).
- 23 Oct 83
- 241
- 70
- Jul 84
In (YEAR) USMC engaged in (WHAT). (What) was heavily used in Jan 91. USMC swept into (WHERE) when bombings failed to dislodge Iraqi forces.
- 1991
- Operation Desert Storm
- Marine Aviation
- Kuwait
In (YEAR) OEF became the official named for war in Afghanistan. (DATE) early combat ops signaled start of OEF.
- 2001
- 7 Oct 01
In (YEAR) the invasion of Iraq was led by USA. Initial invasion phase lasted from (WHEN).
- 2003
- 20 Mar to 01 May
In (YEAR) USMC involved in (WHAT) (Operation Vigilant Resolve), the unsuccessful attempt to capture the city.
- April 2004
- 1st Battle of Fallujah
In (YEAR) USMC involved in (WHAT) (Operation Al-Fajr/Operation Phantom Fury), the successful attempt to capture the city.
- Nov - Dec 2004
- 2nd Battle of Fallujah
During (WHAT EVENT) in WW1 USMC crushed German offensive. Germans evaluated Marines as (WHAT), the highest rating on enemy fighting scale and nicknamed (WHAT). French renamed the area (WHAT).
- Battle of Belleu Wood
- Storm troops
- Teufelhunden/Devil Dogs
- The Wood of the Brigade of Marines
During (WHAT EVENT) in WW2 USMC on (DATE) 1st MARDIV landed on (WHERE). Launched its first combat test of (WHAT). This event served to create (WHAT) of the remaining Solomon Islands.
- The Battle of Guadalcanal
- 07 Aug 42
- The Solomon Islands
- Amphibious doctrine
- A base to launch invasions.
During (WHAT EVENT) in WW2 USMC would take (WHAT), the first in the line of advance for the Central Pacific offensive. Japanese commander claimed (WHAT). On (DATE) USMC secured the island in (HRS). Extended reef caused landing craft to offload hundreds of yards from the beach. Marines drowned attempting to wade to shore/heavy losses from enemy fire.
- The Battle of Tarawa
- The Gilbert Islands
- “it would take 1M Americans 100 years to conquer it.”
- 20 Nov 43
- 76
(WHAT EVENT) Was due to the need for airfields by Air Force and advance bases for Navy.
The invasion of (3 ISLANDS) accomplished this.
During June - July 1943 (WHO) commanded (HOW MANY) Marines & Soldiers, the greatest number of troops to operate under Marine command.
- The Battle of Mariana Islands
- Saipan, Guam, Tinian
- LTGEN Holland M. Smith
- 136,000
