FNP Health Screening Review

Question 1

What is primary prevention.

Name some examples

Answer 1

prevention of a disease or injury

• eating healthy diet, exercise, seatbelts.
• OSHA, EPA laws
• disease prevention programs, gun safety
• aspirin prophylaxis for primary prevention of CVD in age 50-59 who have 10% risk or higher

Question 2

What is secondary prevention.

Name examples

Answer 2

Screening, early detection of disease to MINIMIZE bodily damage

• screening pap smears, mammo, depression, STIs, etoh abuse
• testing for Hep C in pt w/ risk factors
• pt has hx of MI or CVA- prescribing daily ASA (to prevent future damage)

Question 3

What is tertiary prevention, examples?

Answer 3

Prevent disease PROGRESSION. REHAB, SUPPORT GROUPS.

• Support groups for those who have a condition (AA, HIV, DM)
• Education for groups who have DM, HTN- class on how to manage, medications, equipment
• TREATMENT of pt w/ hep C infection

Question 4

When to screen for breast cancer w/ mammo

Answer 4

baseline mammo- age 50, every 2 years until 74

Question 5

cervical cancer- when to start screening

Answer 5

age 21, then every 3 years

Question 6

Colorectal CA screening

Answer 6

start at age 50

• can do FOBT x3- yearly OR
• sigmoidoscopy or CT colonography every 5 years OR
• colonoscopy every 10 years

Question 7

Lung CA screening

Answer 7

• 30-pack years, or quit within 15 past years

- Age 55-80- low dose CT annually

Question 8

Lipid Screening, when to use low-moderate dose statin?

Answer 8

fast for 9 hours prior
-low or mod dose statin when:
age 40-74, has 1 or more CVD risk factors, has a 10-year risk of CV event 10% or greater

Question 9

When to use DT or DTap?

When to use Td or TDaP?

Answer 9

DT or DTap- younger than age 7

Td or TDap- starting age 7
TDap- can be used as a booster starting at age 11-12

If adults never received DT, can do TDaP

Td= every 10 yeras for lifetime (may give Tdap for Td booster)

Question 10

What are contraindications for flu vaccine?

Answer 10

infants age 6 or younger
life-threatening allergies to: gelatin, gentamicin
if severe egg allergy- give in clinical setting
avoid if hx of Guillan Barre

Question 11

Which are live vaccines?

Answer 11

MMR, shingles, varicella, FluMist

Question 12

Who should receive Shingles vaccine?

Answer 12

age 60, even if never had chickenpox

Question 13

Who should get varicella vaccine?

Answer 13

infants 12-15 months, then 4 weeks after first dose (2 doses)

Question 14

Who should get meningococcal vaccine?

Answer 14

start age 11-12 (preteens, teens, young adults)