foal orthopaedics Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is septic synovitis
> 20*10^9 nucleated cells/L
80% neutrophils
tp >30-35g/L
Prognosis fair to good
rapid treatment
single joint
no bone involvement
systemically well
guarded to grave prognosis
long time between dx and tx
>1 joint involved
bone involvement–>epiphyseal or phseal
concurrent systemic illness–>fpt, neonatal hypoxia, immune deficiency
valgus
lateral deviation
varus
medial deviation
if cannot straighten limb manually
bone
if can straighten the limb manually
dysmature
peri-articular laxity
Carpus and fetlock rads
dorsopalmar
tarus rads
DP and lateromedial
incomplete ossification of carpal bones
high risk of crushing injury to cuboidal bones
restricted exercise
bandage with splint–>light, digit not within splint
repeat rads every 2 wks
balanced nutrition
peri-articular laxity
controlled exercise to strengthen peri-articular soft tissues
-careful with banaging
-usually resolves unless sytemic probs
acquired ald
imbalanced nutrition–>excessive energy (grain, concs), mineral imbalnce(lack of cu, excessive zn)
genetics
trauma
damage to growth cartilage leads to abnormal/asymeetric growth. Overload opposite limb
treating ALD
depends on aetiology of ald, age, joint involvement, severity, concomitant probs
conservative–>limit exercise, bandage, splints, corrective hoof trimming, limit mare and foal nutrition
surgery–>growth acceleration, growth retardation
treating valgus
lower lateral, so raise medial
treating varus
lower medial so raise lateral
surgically treating ALD
always with conservative–>hoof balance, restrict diet, rest
stimulate growth on concave side to elevate periosteum
-perform early during rapid growth
-just proximal to physis
-do not over correct
retard growth on convex side–>bridge the physis
-mod and severe cases
-less severe not responsive
-remove implants once straightened
ald prognosis good
early treatment
physis or epiphysis
ald prognosis fair/poor
diaphyseal
crushed cuboidal bones
severe angulation
2ndry DJD
Superficial digital flexor tendon
origin–>distal humerus, proximal radius
insertion–>accessory ligament(distal palmar radius), distal PI, proximal PII
role of SDFT
flexion of MCP/MTP joint
deep digital flexor tendon
origin–>humeral epicondyle, medial olecranon, proximal radius
inserts–>palmar PIII
role of deep digital flexor tendon
flexion of dip joint
digital hyperextension
mild/mod–>with exercise laxity reduces
severe–>protect heel bulbs/palmar fetlocks, palmar/plantar extensions. BANDAGES AVOID if possible
