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Focus Guide Test 1 Flashcards

Module 2-6 (70 cards)

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1
Q

What is the definition of Psychology?

A

The study of the mind

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2
Q

What are the two main areas of focus in Psychology?

A

Behavior and Mental Processes

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3
Q

What two greeks words make up Psychology and what do they mean?

A

Psyche: Mind
Logos: Knowledge or study

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4
Q

Who is the father of psychology?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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5
Q

Why is Wilhelm Wundt the father of psychology and not Sigmund Freud?

A

Because Wilhelm Wundt set up his lab first to study conscious experience

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6
Q

What is Structuralism?

A

the study of sensations and personal experience analyzed by their basic parts

THEY STUDY THE STRUCTURE OF BEHAVIOR, THOUGHTS, AND ACTIONS

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7
Q

Who founded functionalism?

A

William James

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8
Q

Who founded Structuralism?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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9
Q

What is functionalism?

A

The study of the functions that cause us to change our behaviors

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10
Q

What is the focus of Structuralism?

Analyzing __________and breaking it down to ____ understand it

A

Analyzing mental processes and breaking it down to the basic points to understand it

HAVING PEOPLE TELL YOU WHAT THEY PERCIEVE ABOUT THEIR FEELINGS

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11
Q

What is the focus of functionalism?

Using …… to understand ……

A

Using observable behaviors and actions to understand the mind

DECIDING HOW SOMEONE FEELS BASED OFF WHAT YOU SEE

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12
Q

What is Cognitive behavorism?

A

Observing overt behavior and measuring that.

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13
Q

What is the focus of Cognitive Behaviorism

A
  1. How does our visable enviorment affect our visable actions
  2. How to use our visable enviorment to condition us
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14
Q

What is Gestalt Psychology?

A

The study of thinking, learning, and perception as a whole without worrying about the details

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15
Q

Gestalt Psychology Catchphrase

A

“The whole is greater than the sum of its part”

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16
Q

What is the focus of Gestalt pyschology?

A

Looking at the whole picture

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17
Q

who are Gestalt Psychologists?

A

Max Wertheimer
Herman Ebbinghaus

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18
Q

Name a functionalist psychologist

A

William James

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19
Q

Name a structuralist psychologist

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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20
Q

Who created Psychoanalytic Psychology

A

Sigmund Freud

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21
Q

What is psychoanalysis and who created it?

A

“The talking cure” Sigmund Freud

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22
Q

What is another name of Psychanalytical Psychology

A

The Psychodynamic Perspective

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23
Q

What is psychoanalytical psychology?

The study of the effects our ……. has on our …….

A

The study of the effects our subconscious has on our behaviors and mental processes

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24
Q

What is Humanism Psychology?

A

The study of the human experience, problems, potentials, and ideals

focus on what makes HUMANS human/ different from animals

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25
Who are Humanist psychologists? | GLASS FALL EMPTY PSYCHOLOGY
Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
26
What is a quote that is humanistic?
We are the masters of our ship
27
What is Positive Psychology? | GLASS HALF FULL PSYCHOLOGY
The study of human strengths, virtues, and optimal behavior
28
What is the difference between humanist psychology and positive psychology?
Humanistic: solving what's wrong with us Positive: how to see what's right about us
29
Who is a positive psychologist?
Martin Seligman
30
Biopsychological view is connected to what school of psychology?
Structuralism
31
Evolutionary view is connected to what school of psychology
Functionalism
32
What is the sociocultural perspective?
That behavior is influenced by one's social and cultural upbringing
33
Psychologist must have what level of degree?
Masters or doctorate
34
Do all psychologists do therapy?
No
35
Psychologist can work in what fields?
* research * therapy * education * medicine * business * the enviorment
36
Can most psychologists perscribe medicine?
No
37
Psychatrists must have what level of degree?
DOCTOR OF MEDICINE (MD)
38
What do psychiatrists do?
perscribe medications, specialize in changing abnormal behavior
39
Psychoanalysts must have what level of degree?
MD or PHD
40
Psychologists also include what careers?
Counselors and Social Workers
41
What's another career choice you can do with your degree in psychatry?
Psychoanalysts
42
Counselors must have what level of degree?
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) or MASTER OF ART (MA)
43
What do counselors do?
Advice on issues
44
Social workers must have what level of degree?
MSW
45
What do psychology experiments determine that other methods cannot?
Casual relationship | If one variable directly causes change in the other variable
46
What do you call a variable that the experimenter sets and controls
Independent Variable
47
What is the result of the independent variable?
Dependent Variable
48
What are Extraneous Variables
Conditions that a researcher wants to prevent from affecting the outcome of the experiment
49
What is an experimental group?
The group of participants that get the independent variable
50
What is the control group?
the group of participants that dont get the independent variable
51
Name the nonexperimental Research Methods and describe them
1. naturalistic observation - looking but not touching/ observing something in its natural state 2. correlational method - looking at relationship between two variables (remember has coefficient between +1.0 and -1.0) 3. clinical method/ case study - study rare events or with small specific groups 4. survery method - get big group and ask questions
52
Can nonexperimental research methods be used as proof of cause?
No, but can provide insight to trend, relationship and where to look for cause
53
What is postive correlation and negative correlation?
Positive correlation: increase in one varaible are matched by increase in other variable Negative correlation: Increase in our variable are matched by decreases in the other variable
54
Does correlation demonstrate causation?
NO
55
What structures make up the CNS | CNS= Central Nervous System
Brain and the spinal chord
56
What does the central nervous system do?
interprets incoming sensory information and then issues orders | The Boss
57
What structures make up the PNS | PNS: peripheral nervous system
Nerves that travel to and from the central nervous system
58
what does the peripheral nervous system do?
Reports sensory changes to the brain and spinal chord. Carries out order | Henchman
59
What is the sensory division?
Division of PNS that takes information to the CNS
60
What is the motor division?
Division of the PNS that sends messages to our muscle and glands to carry out orders from brain
61
What is the Autonomic Nervous System and what are the two divisions? What do the two divisions do?
A subdivision of the motor division that allows the body to use reflexes. The two divisions are sympathetic: - fight or flight and parasympathetic: quiets body
62
What is a neuron?
An individual nerve cell
63
What are nerves?
Large bundles of axons
64
Myelin Sheath
layer of fat and protein that coats axon
65
What part of the neuron recieves messages from other neurons?
Dendrites
66
What is the name of the cell body in a Neuron?
Soma
67
What part of the neuron carries information away from the cell body?
Axon
68
Which part of the neuron are branches that link the dendrites and soma of other neurons?
Axon Terminals
69
What is the space between two neurons over which chemical messages pass?
Synapse
70

Psychology (2 decks)

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