Foetal growth Flashcards Preview

Y2 LCRS RDA Fwong > Foetal growth > Flashcards

Flashcards in Foetal growth Deck (17)
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1
Q

Other than ultrasound, how can foetus size be measured

A

Symphysis-fundal height

2
Q

Why is ultrasound preferred to symphysis-fundal height? (5 reasons)

A
May be complicated by:
1 Baby lying transversely
2 Oligo/polyhydramnios
3 SGA 
4 Multiple pregnancies 
5 Maternal obesity
3
Q

What measure of foetal size is ultrasound used to determine?

A

Crown-rump length until 14 weeks, then head circumference

4
Q

Recall the 4 factors that are combined to estimate foetal weight

A

Biparietal (head) diameter
Head circumference
Abdominal circumference
Femur length

5
Q

Other than the genetics, recall 2 non-teratogen factors that influence foetal growth

A

Substrate supply

Maternal cardiac output

6
Q

Recall the 3 cardinal symptoms of pre-eclampsia

A

Hypertension
Oedema
Significant proetinuria

7
Q

What is the main cause of FGR?

A

Pre-eclampsia

8
Q

What is the optimum age for child bearing?

A

16-35

9
Q

What is the main risk to the foetus when the mother has pre-natal depression?

A

Maternal cortisol levels

10
Q

What is the effect of IGF on foetal growth

A

Increases mitotic drive and nutrient availability

11
Q

What is the role of cortisol in foetal development

A

Acts as a TF

Regulates the transition from foetal to adult modes of development

12
Q

What is the definition of IUGR?

A

Failure of infant to reach its predetermined genetic potential for a variety of reasons

13
Q

What is the definition of SGA?

A

BW = < 10th centile

14
Q

Recall the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia

A

Insufficient remodelling of the spiral arteries during pregnancy causes a reduced blood supply to placenta and foetus. This causes placenta to release a range of vasoactive factors which causes maternal vasoconstriction (hence high BP). Vasoactive factors also act in eg kidneys, causing leaky blood vessels which is why they get proteinuria

15
Q

Recall the short term effecrs of pr-eclampsia

A

Respiratory distress
Sepsis
Hypoglycaemia
Necrotising enterocolitis

16
Q

Recall the medium-term effects of pre-eclampsia

A

Developmental delay and special-needs schooling

17
Q

What is a red flag on ultrasound for pre-eclampsia?

A

Lack of foetal movement