FOM anki flashcards week 1

Question 1

What is the anatomical term for the front of the body?

Answer 1

Anterior

Question 2

What is the anatomical term for the back of the body?

Answer 2

Posterior

Question 3

What is the anatomical term for the head region?

Answer 3

Cranial

Question 4

What is the anatomical term for the tail region?

Answer 4

Caudal

Question 5

What is the anatomical term for the middle of the body?

Answer 5

Medial

Question 6

What is the anatomical term for away from the midline of the body?

Answer 6

Lateral

Question 7

What is the term for a structure closer to the surface of the body?

Answer 7

Superficial

Question 8

What is the term for a structure further from the surface of the body?

Answer 8

Deep

Question 9

What is the smallest structural unit of life?

Answer 9

The cell

Question 10

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Answer 10

To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 11

What organelle is responsible for energy production in the cell?

Answer 11

Mitochondria

Question 12

Which organelle is known as the ‘control center’ of the cell?

Answer 12

Nucleus

Question 13

What structure within the nucleus is responsible for producing ribosomes?

Answer 13

Nucleolus

Question 14

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 14

Protein synthesis

Question 15

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Answer 15

Transporting and processing proteins and lipids

Question 16

What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?

Answer 16

Rough ER has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein synthesis, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis.

Question 17

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 17

Packaging and distributing proteins and lipids

Question 18

What is the function of lysosomes?

Answer 18

Breaking down waste materials and cellular debris

Question 19

What are the four types of tissue in the body?

Answer 19

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue

Question 20

What type of epithelial tissue is composed of a single layer of flat cells?

Answer 20

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 21

What type of muscle tissue is involuntary and striated?

Answer 21

Cardiac muscle tissue

Question 22

What is the function of nervous tissue?

Answer 22

To transmit electrical signals throughout the body

Question 23

What does the term ‘homeostasis’ refer to?

Answer 23

The maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body

Question 24

What is the anatomical position of the body?

Answer 24

Standing upright, feet together, arms at the sides, with palms facing forward

Question 25

What is the term for a plane that divides the body into left and right sections?

Answer 25

Sagittal plane

Question 26

What plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Answer 26

Frontal (coronal) plane

Question 27

What plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections?

Answer 27

Transverse plane

Question 28

What is the primary function of connective tissue?

Answer 28

To support, bind, and protect organs

Question 29

What is the role of adipose tissue?

Answer 29

To store energy and provide insulation and cushioning

Question 30

What is the matrix in connective tissue?

Answer 30

The extracellular material that supports and surrounds the cells

Question 31

What are the two types of bone tissue?

Answer 31

Compact and spongy bone tissue

Question 32

What is the function of red bone marrow?

Answer 32

To produce blood cells

Question 33

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

Answer 33

To transport nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body

Question 34

What is the main organ of the respiratory system?

Answer 34

The lungs

Question 35

What is the role of the diaphragm in respiration?

Answer 35

To facilitate the expansion and contraction of the lungs during breathing

Question 36

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

Answer 36

The nephron

Question 37

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

Answer 37

To break down food and absorb nutrients

Question 38

What is the role of the liver in digestion?

Answer 38

To produce bile and process nutrients

Question 39

What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?

Answer 39

To produce digestive enzymes and regulate blood sugar levels

Question 40

What is the main function of the immune system?

Answer 40

To protect the body against pathogens and foreign substances

Question 41

What is the largest organ of the integumentary system?

Answer 41

The skin

Question 42

What is the primary function of the skin?

Answer 42

To act as a barrier and regulate temperature

Question 43

What are the three layers of the skin?

Answer 43

Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis