food

Question 1

what is a biomolecule?

Answer 1

is a cheamical that is made inside a living thing.
carbohydrates
protein
lipids
vitamins

Question 2

monosaccarides

Answer 2

the simplest sugar molecule
e.g glucose and fructose(fruits)
glucose is the main carbohydrate we obtain eneryg from.

Question 3

disaccarides

Answer 3

two monosaccarides connected
more energy than monosaccarides due to more bonds
more bonds=more energy
e.g maltlose sucrosae (table sugar) lactose (milk)

Question 4

polyscaccharide(starch)

Answer 4

many glucose molecules joined together to form a long chain

Question 5

where is stach found?
where is starch storage?
whe is the polysaccharide glycogen storge

Answer 5

in bread pasta and potatoe
starch is storage form of sugars in plants
form of sugars in animals

Question 6

cellulose(fiber)
where is it found

Answer 6

is a structural carbohydrates
food in vegetables wholemeal bread and bran.

Question 7

lipids contain what elements

Answer 7

carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Question 8

what is the basic unit of a lipid

Answer 8

a triglyceride (three fatty acids and one glycerol

Question 9

what is the functions of lipids in the body

Answer 9

lipids are used as a long term energy store in the body
lipids under the skin insulate the body and prevent heat loss.
lipids provide protection to certain organs
phospholipids are structural lipids and are used to form cell membranes

Question 10

phospholipids

Answer 10

where one of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group

Question 11

what are sources of fat in the diet

Answer 11

butter suet cream and lard. plants are the main source of oil e.g sunflower and maize.

Question 12

phospholipid structure

Answer 12

glycerol one fatty acid 1 fatty acid 2
phosphate

Question 13

metabolism of cell

Answer 13

is the sum of its cheamical reactions

Question 14

what are the two types of metabolic reactions

Answer 14

anabolic reactions and catabolic reactions

Question 15

anabolism

Answer 15

is the building up of large molecules from smaller ones
e.g photosynthesis is an anabolic reaction

carbon dioxide + water- glucose +oxygen

energy(light energy) is used to make up the larger molecule, glucose

Question 16

catabolism

Answer 16

is the breaking down of large molecules into smaller ones.
e.g respiration is a catabolic reaction

glucose+oxygen-carbon dioxde + water

energy is released for use by by the cell.

Question 17

what elements are in proteins

Answer 17

carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen sometimes contain sulfur

Question 18

cellulose

Answer 18

is a structural carbohdrate

Question 19

how many common amino amino acids are there
a protein is a long chain of molecules called amino acids.

Answer 19

20

Question 20

what are proteins functions in the body.

Answer 20

structural fibrous protein forms keratin in hair and skin and myosin in muscles.

Question 21

what are sources of protein in the diet

Answer 21

fish nuts dairy products

Question 22

trace elements

Answer 22

iron (fe) copper(Cu) zinc(Zn)

Question 23

main elements in food are

Answer 23

carbon (C) hydrogen (H)oxygen (O) nitrogen (N) phosphorus(p) and sulfur(S)

Question 24

mineral elements

Answer 24

sodium (Na) magnesium (Mg) chlore(Cl) potassium (K) calcium (Ca)

Question 25

what are the two vitamin groups?

Answer 25

water soluble(vitamin C) fat soluble (vitamin D)

Question 26

what are sources of vitamin C

Answer 26

fruits such as oranges lemons and limes kiwi fruits potatoes and green vegetables

Question 27

Deficiency of vitamin C

Answer 27

scurvy a disease whose sysptoms include bleeding from the gums and very small blood vessels, and slow healing of wounds

Question 28

sources of vitamin D

Answer 28

fish liver oil butter margarine egg yolk dairy products

Question 29

deficiency of vitain d in children and adults

Answer 29

children rickets a condition in which the bones lose adults osteomalacia a condition in which the bones lose calcium and become weak pianful and liable to fracture easily

Question 30

mineral

Answer 30

are chemical element dissolved as salts in food and water

Question 31

minerals chemial elements

Answer 31

sodium magnesium chorine potassium calcium iron copper and zn

Question 32

minerals in plant calcium magnesium

Answer 32

absorbed from soil is uesd to form the middle lamella that cements plant cells together absorbed from soil is essential in forming the green pigment chlorophyll

Question 33

minerals in animals calcium iron

Answer 33

in milk and other dairy products forms strong bones and teeth in liver meat and green vegetables is used for m haemoglobin

Question 34

haemoglobin

Answer 34

a chemical found inred blood cells that is used to carry oxygen

Question 35

water

Answer 35

essential for life excellent solvent what diffusing into cells gives them their shape water heats up cools down very slowly this helps to keep the body temperatur constant