Food And Energy Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are carbohydrates and fats made up of?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What are proteins made up of that carbohydrates and fats aren’t?
Nitrogen
What are the two types of carbohydrates?
Simple and complex
What are fats/ lids broken down into?
Fatty acids and glycerol
Which biological molecule is made up of chains of amino acids?
Protein
What is fat used for by the body?
Storage of energy
What is protein used for?
Growth and repair of cells
What are carbohydrates used for?
Fast or slow release energy (depending on whether it’s simple or complex).
Name the 3 elements found in all biological molecules
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
What reagent is used to test for sugar?
Benedict’s (turns from blue to brick red)
What is iodine used to test for and what colour does it turn?
Starch. From yellow/ brown to blue/ black.
What is biuret’s solution used to test for and what colour does it turn?
Protein. Turns from blue to purple.
What is used to test for fat?
Ethanol (turns from colourless to a white emulsion)
Which one of these is there a food test for:
Vitamins
Fibre
Fat
Minerals
Fat
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst
What is an enzyme-substrate complex?
The mating of an enzyme and a substrate to create a reaction.
What is an “active site”?
The part of an enzyme which is complimentary to a substrate.
What enzyme breaks down starch?
Amylase
What enzyme breaks down protein?
Protease
What does lipase break down?
Fats/ lipids
What enzyme breaks down carbohydrates
Carbohydrase
What is an inhibitor?
A molecule which partially fits into an active site, blocking it and reducing the rate of reaction.
What happens after an enzyme is heated beyond its optimum temperature?
It denatures and the active site becomes deformed.
What factor other than temperature affects enzyme activity?
pH
