Food and Farming Flashcards
(39 cards)
What is arable farming?
Arable farming involves growing crops on good quality land, typically flat with fertile soil.
What is pastoral farming?
Pastoral farming is the raising of livestock such as sheep and cattle.
What is market gardening?
Market gardening is the small-scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers near urban areas for direct sale to consumers.
What are cereal crops?
Cereal crops are grains such as wheat, oats, and barley grown for food.
What are root crops?
Root crops include vegetables like potatoes, carrots, and beets that grow underground.
What is dairy farming?
Dairy farming involves raising cattle to produce milk and dairy products.
What is meat farming?
Meat farming refers to raising animals specifically for their meat, such as beef or lamb.
What is poultry farming?
Poultry farming is the raising of birds like chickens, turkeys, and ducks for meat or eggs.
What is a staple crop?
A staple crop is a basic food that is eaten regularly and in large quantities, such as rice or wheat.
What is a cash crop?
A cash crop is grown specifically to be sold for profit rather than used by the farmer.
What does it mean to be self-sufficient in farming?
Being self-sufficient means producing enough food to feed oneself or one’s family without needing outside help.
What is a surplus in farming?
A surplus means producing more crops or products than are needed, allowing the extra to be sold.
What does crop yield mean?
Crop yield refers to the amount of crop produced per unit of land.
What are GM crops?
GM crops are genetically modified to enhance certain traits such as resistance to pests or better yields.
What are pesticides used for?
Pesticides are chemicals used to kill pests that harm crops.
What are fertilisers?
Fertilisers are substances added to soil to increase its nutrient content and help crops grow better.
What is irrigation?
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land to help crops grow.
What is mechanisation in farming?
Mechanisation is the use of machinery to increase efficiency in farming processes.
What is diversification in farming?
Diversification involves adding other activities like tourism, shops, or energy generation to farm income sources.
What is the Green Revolution?
The Green Revolution was a period of increased agricultural production using new technologies, crops, and farming methods.
Why are sheep farms common in the Highlands?
Because the terrain is rugged and not suitable for crops, but ideal for hardy animals like sheep.
Why are dairy and beef cattle common in the west of the UK?
Gentle hills and high rainfall make the land suitable for grazing cattle.
Why is arable farming common in the east of the UK?
Flat land, more sunshine, and drier conditions make it ideal for growing crops.
Why is market gardening found near cities?
Because fresh produce needs to be sold quickly and cities have a large population to buy it.
