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Food And Nutrition 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a source

A

A food that contains the nutrient

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2
Q

What is a composition

A

What the nutrient is made of

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3
Q

What is the function

A

What the nutrient does to the body

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4
Q

Name the 6 types of nutrients

A 
Minerals 
Fats 
Carbohydrates 
Water 
Protein 
Vitamins
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5
Q

What are macronutrients and name 3

A

Macronutrients are nutrients that are needed in large amounts
Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates

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6
Q

What are micro nutrients

A

Vitamins and minerals

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7
Q

What are proteins made from

A

Proteins are made up of amino acids

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8
Q

What are amino acids

A

Amino acids are units attached together and are made up of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen

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9
Q

What are foods that have all essential amino acids present

A

High biological protein foods

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10
Q

Where do high biological proteins foods usually come from

A

Animal sources

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11
Q

Where do low biological protein foods usually come from

A

Plants

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12
Q

Name 6 foods that have high biological protein

A 
Meat 
Fish 
Eggs 
Milk 
Soya beans 
Quorn
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13
Q

Name 6 foods that have LBP

A 
Peas
Beans 
Lentil
Nuts 
Whole cereals 
Muesli
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14
Q

What is a nutrient

A

A food that nourishes the body

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15
Q

Name 4 functions of protein ⭐️

A
  1. Helps cells grow
  2. Helps the body to repair wounds
  3. It forms enzymes and hormones for the body to work properly.
  4. Provides heat and energy
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16
Q

Rda protein ⭐️

A

1g/1kg

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17
Q

What are fats made from

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

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18
Q

How many fatty acids are connected to 1 molecule of glycol

A

3 fatty acids = 1 molecule of glycol

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19
Q

What elements do glycerol and fatty acids contain

A

Hydrogen carbon and oxygen.

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20
Q

Where do …..
(A) Saturated fats come from
(B) Unsaturated fats come from

A

A- Animals

B- Plants

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21
Q

Name 5 sources of saturated fats

A 
Butter
Meat 
Milk 
Cheese
Eggs
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22
Q

Name 6 sources of unsaturated fats

A 
Sun flower oil 
Olive oil 
Nuts 
Seeds 
Fishy oils 
Oily fish
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23
Q

What is flora butter

A

A polyunsaturated butter

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24
Q

What are the functions of fat (5)

A 
To make you feel full
To insulate heat
To provide heat and energy 
To protect delicate organs 
To supply vit :A,D,E,K
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25
What are carbohydrates made up of
Simple sugars
26
What happens if simple sugars and combined
Starch is formed
27
What elements do carbohydrates contain
Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen
28
Name the 3 classifications on carbohydrates
Starch Sugar Dietary fibre
29
What foods contain sugar sources of carbohydrates
``` Cakes Biscuits Fruit Soft drinks Jam Honey Ice cream ```
30
What sources of carbohydrates contain starch
Cereals Potatoes Root and pulse vegetables
31
What sources of carbohydrates are dietary fibres
Vegetable | Brown bread and rice
32
Name 3 functions of carbohydrates
They provide heat and energy (sugar and starch) They help get rid of waste (fibre) They give the feeling of fullness (fibre)
33
What 2 main jobs does fibre do in the body
It absorbs water | Become bulky in the intestine
34
What happens when cereals are refined
Fibre is removed
35
What is the rda for fibre
30g
36
What are the 2 groups of vitamins
Fat soluble and water soluble
37
Name the 2 water soluble vitamins
B&C
38
Name the 4 fat soluble
A,d,e,k
39
What is the function of vit b
Released energy from food Healthy nerves Helps growth Prevent spin BIFIDA from unborn babies
40
What are the sources for vit b
``` Red meat Eggs Milk Cheeses Brown bread Yeast ```
41
What happens if you do not have enough vit b
Increase of neural tube defects in babies Beriberi Pellegra
42
What are the functions of vit c⭐️
General health Healthy skin and gums Helps the body absorb iron Helps heal wounds
43
What are sources of vit c
Fruit and veg
44
What are the effects of deficiency (c)
Scurvy Slow healing of wounds Risk of affection
45
What are the functions of vit a
Growth Heathy eyes. Healthy lining at throat and nose Healthy skin
46
What are sources of vit a
``` Fish Liver Oils Butter Eggs ```
47
What are the effects of deficiency of vit a
Slow growth Night blindness Rough skin
48
What are the functions of vit d
Healthy bones and teeth
49
What are sources of vit d
``` Sunshine Liver Fish Eggs Butter ```
50
What are the effects of deficiency of vit d
Rickets for kids Osteoporosis and osteomalacia Unhealthy teeth
51
What are functions of vit e
Antioxidants | Healthy red blood cells
52
What are source of vit e
Nuts Seeds Eggs Cereals
53
What are the affects of deficiency
Anaemia in newborn babies
54
What are the functions of vit k
Blood clotting
55
What are sources of vit k
Green veg | Cereals
56
Where is vit k made
In the intestine
57
What are the affects of deficiency
Blood clotting problems
58
What is Hypervitaminosis
Hypervitaminosis is when you take in too much vitamins (a&d)
59
Name 6 minerals
``` Calcium Iron Sodium Phosphorus Fluorine Iodine ```
60
Where can you find calcium
In milk Cheese Tinned fish Water
61
What is the rda of milk
1200 mg
62
What does iron do
Creates healthy blood cells
63
What does iron make
Haemoglobin
64
What is haemoglobin
It is a substance in red blood cells that carry oxygen
65
What happens if you do not have enough iron
You become anaemic
66
List seem sources of iron
``` Meat Liver Whole cereals Brown bread Vegetables ```
67
What vitamin absorbs iron
C
68
What is the rda for iron
14 mg
69
What does fluorine do
Protect teeth
70
What are sources of fluorine
Water & fish
71
What happens if you do not have enough fluorine
Your teeth decay
72
Hat is the function of phosphorus
It combines with calcium for heathy bones
73
What are sources of phosphorus
``` Meat Fish Poultry Vegetables Whole cereals ```
74
What is the function of salt
To balance water in the body
75
What are sources of salt
Bacon Cheese Butter
76
Rda salt
6g
77
Sources of water
Bottled / Tap Tea / coffee Some foods
78
What are the functions of water
Help dehydration Help digestion Satisfies thirst Helps excrete waste
79
What are factors that influence energy requirement
``` Age Gender Pregnancy Size Climate Activity ```
80
What is the rda of carbohydrates
30g

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