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F And N > Food Choice/ Sensory Analysis/ Provenance > Flashcards

Food Choice/ Sensory Analysis/ Provenance Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

What conditions should be controlled when setting up a taste panel?

A
  • quiet area
  • identical plates
  • correct temperatures
  • clean utensils
  • unbiased codes
  • palate cleanses available
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2
Q

What are the three main types of sensory tests?

A

Preference test
Discrimination test
Profiling tests

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3
Q

What is a preference test? + examples

A

Asking if testes like or dislike a product
(Hedonic scale, ranking, rating)

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4
Q

What is a discrimination test? + examples

A

Asks testers to describe a particular attribute of a product
(Paired comparison test)

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5
Q

What is a profiling test? + examples

A

Asks testes to assess a range of sensory characteristics on a particular product

(Star profile)

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6
Q

What factors influence food choice?
(List 10)

A

Availability
Season
Time
Lifestyle
Dietary needs
Likes/dislikes
Appearance
Religion
Marketing
Food labelling

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7
Q

Suggest 8 ways to produce healthy meals on limited budgets

A
  1. Grow your own
  2. Bulk buy
  3. Cheaper supermarkets
  4. Look for reduced foods
  5. Buy one get one free
  6. Wonky veg boxes
  7. Cost comparisons
  8. Own brands
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8
Q

What does food cultures include?

A

What is acceptable to eat?
What is considered good/ bad for you?
What is the acceptable way to eat?
How do you eat?

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9
Q

What is the religious dietary practises of Buddhists?

A

Most are vegetarians

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10
Q

What are the religious dietary practises of Christians?

A

May fast at lent

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11
Q

What are the religious dietary practices of Hinduism?

A

They do not eat cows (sacred animals)
Vegetarianism is encouraged.
Dairy enhances purity

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12
Q

what are the religion dietary practices of Sikhs?

A

(Similar to Hindus.)
Many are vegetarian
Eat at the temple on certain days
Do not drink alcohol, tea, coffee.

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13
Q

what are the religious dietary practises of islam (Muslims)?

A

Meat and poultry must be Halal (alive, clean cut throat, blood drained)

Unlawful Haram food- pork, gelatine, alcohol, caffeine

Fast during day during ramadan

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14
Q

What are the religious dietary practises of Judaism?

A

Meat must be kosher (clean, specifically slaughtered, soaked and treated with kosher salt)

Only eat fish with scales and fins
Animals have to chew the cud and cloven hooves

Meat and dairy not prepared or eaten together

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15
Q

what are the religious dietary practises of Rastafarian?

A

Food should be natural and clean,
No pork/ fish longer that 30cm
Eat lots of fruit and vegetables
No alcohol, milk, coffee

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16
Q

What are the ways to advertise and promote foods products?

A

Adverts
Celebrity endorsements
Competitions
Shop displays
Attractive packaging
Free gifts
Free samples/ tasting
BOGOF
TV chefs

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17
Q

What must adverts be?

A

Legal, decent, honest, truthful

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18
Q

Regulation 5 requires food to carry what information?

A
  1. Name of food
  2. List of ingredients + Quantity of certain ingredients
  3. Durability indication (use by date)
  4. Origin/ provenance of food
  5. Instruction on how to use (cooking instructions)
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19
Q

What does best before date say?

A

When the quality of the food is decrease but still safe to eat

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20
Q

What does use by date say?

A

(Used for high risk foods) shows when the food becomes unsafe to eat

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21
Q

What does the display unit show?

A

This is for stock control (shop staff)

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22
Q

What does a pescatarian eat/ not?

A

EAT- fish, eggs, dairy

NOT- land animals

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23
Q

what does a Lacto-ovo vegetarian eat/not?

A

EAT- eggs, dairy

NOT- land animal, fish

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24
Q

What does a Lacto vegetarian eat?

A

EAT- dairy

NOT- land animals, fish ,eggs

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25
What does the ovo vegetarian eat/not?
EAT- eggs NOT- land animals, fish, dairy
26
What does a vegan eat/ not?
NOT- land animal, fish, eggs, dairy
27
What is food provenance?
Where the food has come from (Grown, raised, reared)
28
What are the two quality logos?
Protected geographical indicator (PGI) Traditional Specialty guaranteed (TSG)
29
Where must local produces come from?
Somewhere within 30 miles
30
What is carbon footprint?
The amount of CO2 produced in the growing, processing, disposal of food
31
What is the eco footprint?
Another measure of our actions on the environment
32
What are food miles?
The distance a food produce travels from where it’s produced or grow on to where it’s sold
33
How can a consumer reduce the carbon footprint of a food?
By fresh local produce Cook fresh meals Use seasonal UK ingredients Reduce consumption of meats Consider lower energy cooking methods
34
To be more sustainable what should a consumer consider?
Where the food is from? The environmental impacts of the produce? Damage to eco-systems? How was it produced? Is the food sustainable?
35
What is food security?
When all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preference for an active and healthy life.
36
What is food security linked to?
AVAILABILITY- is there a sufficient amount of food at all times ACCESS- can it be reached effectively UTILISATION- is the food part of a balanced diet
37
What struggles can create food insecurity?
War Droughts Floods Failed harvests
38
What is utilisation?
How the body uses the nutrients provided and if you have a healthy balanced diet
39
What is malnourishment?
An unbalanced diet when your health begins to suffer as a result
40
What is fairtrade?
A system that ensures that standards are met throughout the whole production of food
41
What are the benefits of fairtrade?
Fairer prices (improves living standards) Protects basic rights (bands child labour) Prevents poverty
42
How do local communities benefit from fairtrade?
Money invested into education and health Access to training Establishes cooperatives
43
How does the environment benefit from fairtrade?
Uses environment friendly farming methods More sustainable
44
What is organic food
Food that is reduced using environmentally and animal friendly farming methods on organic farms
45
What must organic farm animals have/ not?
Have access to fields Have plenty of space Not genetically modified organisms Only given drugs to treat illnesses Cannot be given hormones Not produced from cloned animals
46
Why does organic cost more?
Takes longer to grow Certification costs Resources/facilities need to be organic Smaller scale so less product produced
47
Why is food wasted?
The portions given are too big Ordered too much Fussy eater Had something you didn’t like Normally leave something Don’t like the taste
48
Give 8 way to reduce food waste
Plan meals to avoid over purchasing Check use by dates when chasing Store correctly Serve smaller portions Freeze leftovers Don’t be a perfectionist Don’t impulse buy
49
What are the advantages of Genetic modification (GM)?
Improves quality + quantity produced Plants can grow in adverse conditions Can be insect resistant May be higher in nutritional qualities Longer shelf life Enhanced flavours
50
What are the disadvantage of Genetic modification?
Long-term safety unknown Environmental concerns Possible cause of cancer Antibiotic resistant Reduces other plants species use
51
What are 5 types of cereals?
Wheat Barley Oats Oilseed rape Rice
52
What are seasonal foods?
Foods harvested at the time of year when the harvest is at peak
53
What is the definition of globalisation?
How the world is interconnected allowing us to have different products and ingredients
54
What are the benifits of eating seasonal foods?
Cheaper Supports local economy Reduces energy needed Fresher foods
55
What is hydroponics farming?
A farming system without soil. Plants grown in a water-rich nutrient solution
56
How are pigs farmed intensively?
Sow has piglets until 28 days old 5 day rest Then impregnated again 6 of these cycles in her lifetime Piglets killed after 6 month Always indoors
57
How are pigs farmed free-range?
Higher welfare system Less pigs in a unit of space Outdoors
58
How are cows produced?
Fed grass, hay, silage In fields or barns
59
What is veal?
Meat from baby calf’s (less than 20 weeks)
60
What are the different types of sheep meat and the time that it takes?
LAMB- 4 to 12 months old HOGGETT- 1 to 2 years old MUTTON- over 2 years old
61
How are chicken farmed intensively?
Indoors 17/18 birds per m2 33-38 days before killed
62
How are chickens farmed free-range?
Can go outside 12/13 birds per m2 56 days before killed
63
How are chickens farmed organically?
10 birds per m2 Fed organic food 81 days before killed
64
What can we do about intensive farming?
Reduce red and processed meat consumption Use small amounts of flavoursome meat Buy local/ British meat produced to high animals welfare standards Purchase from a recognised assurance scheme
65
What does RSPCA assured mean?
Improved animal welfare Standard for species, handling, rearing, slaughter Not necessarily free range though
66
What does the red tractor mean?
Requirements for food safety, environmental protection, animal welfare Animal don’t have to be outdoors
67
What are types of fresh water fish?
Fresh water salmon Trout eels
68
Whar are types of sea water (pelagic)?
Pelagic- near the sea surface Herring Mackerel Sardine
69
what are types of sea water fish (demersal)?
Demersal- near the sea bed Cod Haddock Plaice Sole
70
What are types of shellfish?
Clamas Muscles Prawns
71
What are the needs for oily fish?
More than 5% fat in their flesh (E.g salmon, trout, mackerel)
72
What are the needs for white fish?
Less than 5% fat in their flesh (E.g cod, haddock, plaice)
73
What is trawling?
Fishing method (most common) Nets are pulled along the bottom of the sea
74
What is dredging ?
Fishing method (for shellfish) Metal cages towed along the sea floor
75
What is gill netting?
Fishing methods Netting suspended in the sea that catches fish that swim into it
76
what is harpooning?
Fishing method A long metal pole is luged into the fish
77
what is jigging ?
Fishing method (targets fish) A grappling hook attached to a line
78
What is long lining?
Fishing method( at the surface) Miles of strung wire with baited hooks to attract fish
79
What is pole and line?
Fishing method (for tuna) Pole and line
80
what is purse seining?
Fishing method (collects everything) Daring a large net around a school of fish
81
What is traps and pots?
Fishing methods for crabs and lobsters Wire and wood cages with bait are on the sea floor
82
What is cyanide? (Fishing)
A fishing method Where explosives kill or stun fish
83
What is bycatch?
Species unintentionally caught which are often returned to the sea but may be dead.
84
What can consumers do to prevent fish exploitation and overfishing?
Demain labelling Check is hint methodds Choose local products Consume seasonal fish
85
What are some methods to reduce the environmental impacts of fishing?
Sinking long lines deeper Releasing bycatch Using larger holes in nets Create marine reserves to allow stock to recover
86
What is fish farming?
Where fish are reared in tanks either indoors or outdoors to ensure the future of fish supplies
87
What are the three categories of fish farming?
Farming (breeding the eggs through catching fish) Sea rearing (young fish caught and grown in controlled environments) Sea ranching (young fish bred in captivity then released into the wild)
88
What are the advantage of fish farming?
Less transport costs Higher quality produced Wild fish stock not reduced Protected from predators
89
What are some disadvantages to fish farming?
Expensive to set up and run Waste can pollute and damage environment May be more diesels May be fed pellets made from Lower value fish so reducing other stocks Water may contain pesticides, antibiotics polluting surroundings
90
Give some ways that GM is used in food production ?
1. GM food- crop or animals 2. GM ingredients- food that comes form GM crops 3. GM processing aid- GM organism is used to help curdle milk for cheese 4. GM ingredient in animal feed

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