food principles Flashcards
(33 cards)
function of fat
needed for enery,warmth,protection of organs, source of fat soluble vitamins
found in - sausages,bacon,lard,dairy products,oily fish,nuts,seeds,avodcados
explain the difference between the terms macronutrients and micronutrients
macronutrients refer to carbohydrates ,protein ,fat which the body needs in large amounts
micronutrients refer to vitamin, minerals and trace elements which the body needs in small amount. They are measured in mg or up (microgram)
what is vitamin a neededfor/found in
healthy immune system,helps us see in dim light
found in- dairy,eggs,oily fish,leafy vegtables,mango,apriocot
what is vitamin c needed for/found in
fights infections,heals wounds
found in-oranges,blackcurrants,kiwi fruit,strawberries,brusselsprouts
what is vitamin d needed for/found in
healthy bones and teeth
found in-oily fish,eggs,fortified magarines
what is vitamin e needed for/found in
healthy skin and eyes,strong immune system
found in- plant oils,nuts ,seeds,wheat germ
what is vitamin K needed for/found in
wound healing,bloody cotting
found in- brocili ,spinach,vegtable oils,cereal grains
what is potassium needed for/found in
controlling body fluids,heart function
found in-bananas,brocoli,pulses,fish,meat,nuts and seeds
what is phosphorus needed for/found in
body formation,energy release
found in-red meat,fish,dairy foods,brown rice,oats
what is magnesium needed for/found in
energy release,bone health
found in-green leafy vegtables,brown rice ,whole grain
what is sodium needed for/found in
balancing body fluid
found in-salt,proccessed,cure meats,savoury snacks
what is iodine needed for/found in
hormone in thyroid
found in-sea fish,shellfish
what is fluroide needed for/found in
preventing tooth decay
found in-tea,fish
what does monosaccharides consits of
glucose-fruits,vegtables,honey
fructose-cane sugar,honey,corn,fruit ,vegtables
glacatose-not in foods-produced when lacotse is broken down in the body during digestion
what does disarchrides consits of
sucrose-(the suagar we tend to use in cooking)GLUCOSE+FRUCTOSE
lactose-milk GLUCOSE+GALACTOSE
maltose-sweet potatoes,soyabeans,barley,wheat(GLUCOSE+glucose
what does polysacharides consits of
starch-potoatoes,wheat,barley,oats
cellulose-fruit,vegtables,whole grains
pectin-fruit,vegtables
how is glucose absorbed
glucose is absorbed directly into the blood streM
how much sugar should a 4-6year old have daily
19g 5 sugar cubes
how much sugar should a 7-10 year old have daily
24g 6 sugar cubes
how much sugar should a 11-18 year old have daily
30g 7 sugar ubes
what are intrinsic sugars
glucose,fructose,lactose,sucrose occur naturally in some foods such as fruit and some vegetables
what are extrinsic sugars
they are added to food the main one is sucrose (white sugar) which come from sugar cane
also could be honey
what is glycaemic index
ranking of carbohydrates foods based on their overalleffect on blood glucose levels
foods that are absorbed slowly have low gi rating
what’s the difference between insoluble or soluble fibre
soluble fiber is broken downs by bacteria in the large bowel can them be digested
this fibre can reduce the levels of cholesterol in the blood
insoluble fibre is not easily broken down and passes through the body mostly unchanged
this helps the keep bowels healthy and prevents digestive problems like constipation and haemorriods
