food tech Flashcards
(22 cards)
macronutrients
they refer to carbohydrates, protien and fat which the body needs in large amounts
micronutrients
they refer to viamins, minerals and trace elements which the body needs in small amounts.
what is carbohydrates needed for?
energy
what is protien needed for?
growth
repair
maintentance
what is fat needed for?
energy
warmth
protection of organs
source of fat soluble vitamins
intrinsic sugars
they occur naturally in foods such as fruit
extrinsic sugars
it is added to foods . the main one is sucrose
glycaemic index
is a ranking of carbohydrate foods based on their blood glucose levels. ( foods that absorbed more slowly have a low GI rating and vice versa.)
What does the GI rating help people with diabetes?
give people important information to mointor their blood glucose levels.
what can a high fibre diet help reduce and regulate?
reduce chances of some diseases
it can regulate blood sugar levels
what does insoluble mean?
that is is not easily broken down by the digestive system and most pass through the body unchanged.This helps the bowels keep healthy.
what is soluble?
is broken down by bacteria in the large bowel and can then be digested. This fibre may help reduce the amount of cholestrol in the blood which can guard against coronary heart disease(CHD)
LBV and HBV refered to ?
Animal sources are high biological value (HBV)
plant sources are low biological value (LBV)
What are proteins made of ?
proteins are made up of chains of smaller building blocks called amino acids.
what are essential amino acids?
there are amino acids that must be supplied to us through our diet (they cannot be made by the body)
what are non-essential amino acids?
these are amino acids that can be made by the body.
what is HBV of protein foods?
they contain all the essential amino acids.
What is LBV of protein foods?
they are missing one or more of essential amino acids
what are complementary proteins?
Combining two or more LBV protein foods.
what are saturated fats?
they are the least healthy fats as they can raise bloodcholesterol levels and increase the risk of conornary heart disease.
what are Trans-fats?
they are vegetable oils which have been processed to make them hard. This is done by passing hydrogen through liquid oil which is called hydrogenation.
