Foot Flashcards
(27 cards)
Lateral Ray
Calcaneus
Cuboid
Phalanges 4-5
Medial Ray
Talus
Cunieforms
Phalanges 1-3
Deep fascia of the Foot
Dorsum of the foot - continuous with etensor retinaculum
Sole of foot - called plantar fascia, central part thickens to form plantar aponeurosis
Plantar aponeurosis
consitis of longitudinally arranged band of dense CT
arises from calcaneus posteriorly
covers entrire length of sole
divides into 5 bands (conclose digital tendons)
helps support the longitudinal foot arches
Clinical Anatomy: Plantar Fasciitis and Heel Spur Syndrome
Plantar aponeurosis inflammation at calcaneus (pain most sever after sitting and getting out of bed)
Causes - runing, high-impact exercise, worn out shoes, overweight
Plantar fasciitis may lead to
bony process on calcaneus
especially from medial calcaneal tubercle
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
dorsum of foot
innervation - deep fibular n.
forms a fleshy mass on lateral part of dorsum of foot
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
dorsum of foot
innervation - deep fibular n.
forms a fleshy mass on lateral part of dorsum of foot
Abductor Hallucis
found in first layer
Flextor hallucis longus and Flexor Digitorum longus
found in second layer , not consicder second layer plantar mm
Foot MM
Arranged in four layers
Roles
help maintain foot arches
stand on uneven ground
Clinical Notes: Hallux valgus, Bunion, and Corns
hallux valgus - foot deformity characterized by lateral deviation of great toe
bunion - tender inflamed bursa
corns - inflamed areas of thick skin over proximal interphalangeal joints
Mallet Toe
flextion at distal IP joint
Hammer Toe
extension at MP joint and flexion at proximal IP joint
Claw Toe
extension at the MP joint and flextion at both the proximal and distal IP joint
Trigger Toe
occurs in the large toe (extend MP, flex IP)
Medial and Lateral plantar n.
dividion of tibial n.
supply all intrinsic mm of the food (except two intrinsic dorsum mm)
supply plantar skin
Cutaneous Innervation of Leg
common fibular n.
Medial Plantar n.
larger of the two terminal branches of tibial n.
Innervation of
ABductor hallucis
F.D.B.
medial one lumbrical
F.H.B
Lateral Plantar n.
smaller of the two terminal branches of tibial n.
ABductor digiti minimi
Quadratus plantae
Lateral three lumbricals
ADductor hallucis
F.D.M.B
interossei
Dorsialis Pedis
dorsalis pedis runs anteromedially
Divides into:
Acruate artery
Deep plantar artery
Arcuate Artery
runs laterally across metatarsal base (deep to extensor tendons)
gives rise to 2nd to 5th dorsal metatarsal arteries
gives rise to dorsal digital arteries
Deep Plantar artery
passes through 1st interosseous space
joins lateral planter artery to form the plantar arch
gives rise to first dorsal metatarsal artery
Medial Plantar Artery
passes distally between abductor hallucis and FDB
Gives rise to medial two plantar metatarsal and plantar digial arteries
Lateral plantar artery
runs with lateral plantar n
terminates by joining deep plantar artery forming the plantar arterial arch
gives rise to 3rd-6th plantar metatarsal and plantar digital arteries
