FoPC 1

Question 1

List the four ethical principles

Answer 1

Autonomy
Beneficence
Justice
Non-Maleficence

Question 2

List the types of questions that can be used in a consultation

Answer 2

Open-ended
Closed
Leading
Reflected
Direct

Question 3

List factors you may cover in promoting a healthy lifestyle

Answer 3

Diet
Exercise
Alcohol
Smoking
Illicit drug use
Sexual health

Question 4

What factors, as a GP, enable you to be the most appropriate professional

Answer 4

Aware of PMH
Aware of social circumstances
Broad range of illnesses and health conditions
Trusted health professional
Responsible for holistic patient care
Local, therefore accessible

Question 5

What is a direct question?

Answer 5

Asks about a specific item

Question 6

What is a closed question?

Answer 6

Can only be answered by Yes or No

Question 7

What is a leading question?

Answer 7

Presumes the answer (best to avoid these)

Question 8

What is a reflected question?

Answer 8

The doctor does not answer the question but asks the patient to answer themselves

Question 9

List five core concepts associated with the Social Cognitive Therapy

Answer 9

Observational learning/modelling
Outcome expectations
Self-efficacy
Goal setting
Self-regulation

Question 10

Give examples of environmental factors which may influence an individuals behaviour

Answer 10

Culture
Social support
Location
Income
Time

Question 11

What is the WHO definition of health?

Answer 11

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 12

List factors which influence lay beliefs about health

Answer 12

Age
Social class
Gender
Culture

Question 13

How might AGE affect lay beliefs about health?

Answer 13

Older people tend to concentrate on functional ability, younger think of health as physical strength and fitness

Question 14

How might SOCIAL CLASS affect lay beliefs about health?

Answer 14

People living in difficult economic and social circumstances regard health as functional. Women of higher social class have a more multidimensional view of health

Question 15

How might GENDER affect lay beliefs about health?

Answer 15

Men and women appear to think about health differently, women tend to include a social aspect into health

Question 16

How might CULTURE affect lay beliefs about health?

Answer 16

Different perceptions of illness/disease, differences in concordance with treatment

Question 17

List actions the government could take to stem the rise in (e.g. obesity levels)

Answer 17

Health education
Tax unhealthy foods
Legislation for proper labelling of foods
Enforcement of legislation
Ban on advertising unhealthy food
Improve exercise facilities 
Subsidise healthy food
Transport policy e.g. cycle lanes
Funding of NHS treatment for obesity

Question 18

What is meant by cultural competence?

Answer 18

Cultural competence is the understanding of diverse attitudes, beliefs, behaviours, practices, and communication patterns attributable to a variety of factors (such as race, ethnicity, religion, SES, historical and social context, physical or mental ability, age, gender, sexual orientation or generational and acculturation status).

Question 19

List potential difficulties which may arise when consulting with a patient from a different culture

Answer 19

Lack of knowledge about NHS
Lack of knowledge about common health issues
Fear and distrust
Racism
Bias and ethnocentrism
Stereotyping
Language barriers
Presence of a third party e.g. family member, translator in the room
Differences in perceptions and expectations between patient and doctor
Examination taboos
Gender difference between doctor and patient
Religious beliefs
Difficulties using language line
Patient may not be entitled to NHS care

Question 20

List different routes via which someone may be exposed to a hazardous substance

Answer 20

Blood
Sexual contact
Inhalation
Ingestion
Skin

Question 21

Give examples of hazards

Answer 21

Physical
Mechanical
Biological
Chemical
Psychological/stress

Question 22

List three aspects of advice you may give to a patient/carer when safety netting

Answer 22

Advise the patient of the expected course of the illness/recovery
Advise of symptoms indicating deterioration
Advise who to contact if the patient deteriorates

Question 23

List three ways Neighbour suggests risk can be minimized

Answer 23

Summarise and verbally check reasons for attendance are clear
Hand over and bring the consultation to a close
Deal with the housekeeping of recovery and reflection

Question 24

What is meant by the term ‘gatekeeper’?

Answer 24

The person who controls patients’ access to specialist or secondary care

Question 25

List advantages of GPs as gatekeepers

Answer 25

Identify patients in need of 2° care
Personal advocacy
Patient does not necessarily know which speciality to go to
Increases likelihood of referral to appropriate department
Increases likelihood of appropriate use of resources
Limits exposure to certain investigations
Gp acts as co-ordinator of care
Puts GP in position to provide patient education

Question 26

Approximately what percentage of patients presenting with illnesses in the community are admitted to hospital each month?

Answer 26

3%

Question 27

List health and social care team members who work within the community

Answer 27

Physiotherapist
Pharmacist
Dietician
Counsellor
Practice nurse
Occupational therapist

Question 28

List the four ethical principles

Answer 28

Autonomy
Justice
Beneficence
Non-maleficence