For and Against - 02 - 'World governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking' Flashcards
deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ verb
فریب دادن
1 to make someone believe something that is not true → deception
- He had been deceived by a young man claiming to be the son of a millionaire.
deceive somebody into doing something
- He tried to deceive the public into thinking the war could still be won.
deceive somebody about something
- I wouldn’t deceive you about anything as important as this.
2 → deceive yourself
to refuse to believe that something is true because the truth is unpleasant
- I thought she loved me, but I was deceiving myself.
- If you smoke and you still don’t believe that there’s a definite link between smoking and bronchial troubles, heart disease, and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself.
deceive yourself that
- He didn’t deceive himself that he and Ruth could remain friends.
3 to give someone a wrong belief or opinion about something
- Don’t be deceived by the new cover – this is a rehash of old hits.
—deceiver noun [countable]
hypocrisy /hɪˈpɒkrəsi $ -ˈpɑː-/ noun [uncountable]
دورویی، ظاهرسازی
when someone pretends to have certain beliefs or opinions that they do not really have – used to show disapproval OPP sincerity
- It would be sheer hypocrisy to pray for success since I’ve never believed in God.
- No one will accuse you of hypocrisy.
Admittedly /ədˈmɪtɪdli/ Adverb
مسلما
used when you are admitting that something is true
- This has led to financial losses, though admittedly on a fairly small scale.
- Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures.
timid /ˈtɪmɪd/ adjective
ترسو
not having courage or confidence SYN shy OPP confident
- I was a timid child.
- a policy that is both timid and inadequate
- Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures.
—timidly adverb
—timidity /təˈmɪdəti/ noun [uncountable]
appeased /əˈpiːz/ verb
دلجویی کردن، تسکین دادن
to make someone less angry or stop them from attacking you by giving them what they want
- They attempted to appease international opposition by promising to hold talks.
- The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.
—appeasement noun [countable, uncountable]
Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement towards Hitler in the 30s
→ See Verb table
luke-warm /ˌluːkˈwɔːm◂ $ -ˈwɔːrm◂/ adjective
بی اشتیاق، ولرم
1 food, liquid etc that is lukewarm is slightly warm and often not as hot or cold as it should be SYN tepid
- She sipped some lukewarm coffee from her mug.
2 not showing much interest or excitement
- His idea got only a lukewarm response from the committee.
- You don’t have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so luke-warm.
commodity /kəˈmɒdəti $ kəˈmɑː-/ noun (plural commodities) [countable]
کالا، جنس، متاع
1 a product that is bought and sold
- agricultural commodities
- Commodity prices fell sharply.
- Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax.
2 formal a useful quality or thing
- Time is a precious commodity.
point out
اشاره کردن
1 to tell someone something that they did not already know or had not thought about
- He was always very keen to point out my mistakes.
- The murder was obviously well planned, as the inspector had pointed out.
- while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, be
harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it.
point out that
- Some economists have pointed out that low inflation is not necessarily a good thing.
point something out to somebody
- Thank you for pointing this out to me.
2 to show something to someone by pointing at it
- Luke pointed out two large birds by the water’s edge.
point somebody/something out to somebody
- I’ll point him out to you if we see him.
discreet /dɪˈskriːt/adjective
با احتیاط
1 careful about what you say or do, so that you do not offend, upset, or embarrass people or tell secrets OPP indiscreet
He assured her that he would be discreet.
I stood back at a discreet distance.
2 small and showing good taste or judgment – use this to show approval
discreet jewelry
—discreetly adverb
- while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, be
harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it.
conceivably /kənˈsiːvəbəl/ adjective
قابل تصور، به طور امکان پذیر
able to be believed or imagined OPP inconceivable
- It is conceivable that you may get full compensation, but it’s not likely.
- We were discussing the problems from every conceivable angle.
—conceivably adverb
- Conceivably, interest rates could rise very high indeed.
- while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, be
harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it.
short-sighted adjective
کوته فکرانه
1 especially British English unable to see objects clearly unless they are very close SYN nearsighted American English OPP long-sighted
2 not considering the possible effects in the future of something that seems good now – used to show disapproval OPP far-sighted
- a short-sighted policy of reducing investment in training
- This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine.
—short-sightedly adverb
—short-sightedness noun [uncountable]
- Thanks to the government’s short-sightedness, our hospitals are very short of cash.
drastic /ˈdræstɪk/ adjective
شدید
extreme and sudden
drastic action/measures
- NATO threatened drastic action if its terms were not met.
- drastic cuts in government spending
- Drastic changes are needed if environmental catastrophe is to be avoided.
- we are not ready for such drastic action.
—drastically /-kli/ adverb
- The size of the army was drastically cut.
staggering /ˈstæɡərɪŋ/ adjective
سرسام آور
extremely great or surprising SYN amazing
- The cost was a staggering $10 million.
- The financial impact on the town was staggering.
- The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising.
—staggeringly adverb
- a staggeringly beautiful landscape
insidious /ɪnˈsɪdiəs/ adjective
موذی، توطئه آمیز
an insidious change or problem spreads gradually without being noticed and causes serious harm
- an insidious trend towards censorship of the press
- Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest.
—insidiously adverb
—insidiousness noun [uncountable]
depict /dɪˈpɪkt/ verb
مجسم کردن
to describe something or someone in writing or speech, or to show them in a painting, picture etc
- a book depicting life in pre-revolutionary Russia
depict somebody/something as something
- The god is depicted as a bird with a human head.
- The advertisements always depict virile, clean-shaven young men.
—depiction /dɪˈpɪkʃən/ noun [countable, uncountable]
