for100 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Large hydro
100mw or more
Medium hydro
20 mw to 100 mw
small hydro
1 mw to 20 mw
mini hydro
100 kw to 1 mw
micro
5kw to 100 kw
pico hydro
few hundred watts up to 5kw
Run of river scheme/system?
Hydroelectric systems that harvest energy from flowing water to generate electricity IN THE ABSENCE of a large dam and reservoir - which is how they are different from the conventional hydroelectric facilities.
What does the eqaution mgH^g and PE stand for?
- Potential Energy (Joules)
- Mass(Kg) Volume (m^3) * Density (Kg/m^3)
- g= acceleration due to gravity.
Head in Hydropower?
The vertical height measured between the hydro intake water level and water level at the point of discharge.
Low Head hydropower?
Typically less than 20 meters, (these systems are classed as small -scale hydropower. Less than 5MW
(Much better for the environment)
Large hydraulic Head?
(Traditional Hydropower) - Can occur naturally (waterfall) or by constructing a reservoir. Not as good for the environment.
Low head schemes
Have to handle large quantities of water. (Equipment are large in size)
What’s the function of a reservoir?
To store fresh water sources behind the dam and often used to control the flow of water into the Power houses.
Pumped storage?
Water is pumped from lower reservoirs into higher “. Then the pumped water flows back down to generate electricity.
Which continents installed the least to most capacity in pumped storage?
In the last 5 years Asia has installed the most capacity and the least installed goes to Africa.
What’s is the total installed capacity in GW in 2020?
1330 Giggwatts
Installed in Norway 2021
34 075 Megawatts
How many % of all renewable is hydropower in Norway?
85% is hydropower in 2021,
Interesting point!
Despite the % going down from 93% in 2012 to 85% in 2021. The production of hydropower has gone up.
Hydropower turbines are divided into 2?
Reaction & Impulse turbines.
What’s the difference between the reaction turbine and the impulse turbine?
Reaction turbines used with lower heads and higher flows, unlike impulse turbines that require higher heads and low flows.
What are Gravity turbines?
Driven by the weight of the water entering the top of the turbine and falling into the bottom.
