Force And Motion Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is motion?
Change in position relative to a frame of reference
Motion refers to the process of changing position and is always measured relative to a specific frame of reference.
What does speed represent?
Distance per unit of time
Speed is a scalar quantity that indicates how fast an object is moving.
What is average speed?
Total distance divided by total time
Average speed gives a general idea of how fast an object has traveled over a specific period.
How can motion be represented graphically?
On a line graph with distance versus time plotted
This graphical representation allows for easy visualization of motion over time.
What does the slope of a line on a graph indicate?
The steepness of the line
The slope can represent speed in motion graphs.
What is velocity?
Speed in a given direction
Velocity is a vector quantity that indicates both the speed and direction of an object’s motion.
What is acceleration?
Final velocity minus initial velocity divided by time
Acceleration measures the rate of change of velocity over time.
What does circular motion imply?
Constant acceleration
In circular motion, an object moves in a circular path and experiences continuous change in direction.
What is momentum?
Mass multiplied by velocity
Momentum is a measure of the motion of an object and can be transferred between objects.
What is force?
A push or a pull
Forces can cause an object to accelerate, decelerate, or change direction.
What is friction?
A force that opposes motion
Friction acts in the opposite direction to the movement of an object.
What are the four types of friction?
- Sliding
- Rolling
- Fluid friction (gases and lubricants)
- Static friction
Each type of friction has different characteristics and effects on motion.
What is Newton’s First Law of Motion?
An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant velocity unless a force acts on it
This law emphasizes the concept of inertia.
What are balanced forces?
Forces that are opposite in direction and equal in size, which do not cause a change in motion
Balanced forces result in no net force acting on an object.
What are unbalanced forces?
Forces that are not opposite and equal and cause a change in motion
Unbalanced forces result in a net force acting on an object.
Define inertia.
The tendency of objects to remain in motion or at rest
What is the formula for force?
Force = mass x acceleration
State Newton’s third law of motion.
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
What is the acceleration due to gravity near the surface of the Earth?
9.8 m/s²
What is terminal velocity?
The point at which an object no longer accelerates due to gravity because air resistance is equal to the pull of gravity
What does the Law of Universal Gravitation state?
All objects attract each other by the force of gravity
What factors determine the size of the gravitational force between two objects?
The masses of the objects and the distance between them
Define projectile motion.
An object moves forward due to inertia and accelerates downward due to gravity
How does an object in projectile motion move?
In a curved path due to the force of gravity overcoming inertia
