Forces Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
What is a quantity
A
Value we can measure
E.g mass, temperature, force
2
Q
2 types of quantities
A
Scalar
Vector
3
Q
Scalar and vector are types of…
A
Quantity
4
Q
Which type of quantity has a direction
A
Vector
5
Q
Which out of scalar and vector quantity has magnitude only, not direction
A
Scalar
6
Q
Magnitude meaning (in terms of quantities)
A
Size
7
Q
5 types of scalar quantities
A
Temperature
Mass
Speed
Energy
Distance
8
Q
5 types of vector quantities
A
Velocity
Force
Weight
Displacement
Acceleration
9
Q
Distance is a type of what quantity
A
Scalar (magnitude only)
10
Q
Velocity is a type of what quantity
A
Vector (has magnitude and direction)
11
Q
What type of quantity can be represented using arrows
A
Vector
(As it has a direction)
12
Q
When using arrows to represent vector quantities what does the length represent
A
Magnitude
(Direction of arrow shows direction of vector)
13
Q
How do we draw arrows to show vector quantities
A
Direction of arrow= direction of vector
Length of arrow represents magnitude- longer arrow= greater magnitude etc
14
Q
Resultant force meaning
A
Overall force
When 2 forces act on an object it’s the overall force
15
Q
What is a force
A
A push or pull that acts on an object due to interaction with another object
16
Q
A force is a p.. or p… due to interaction with another object
A
Push or pull
17
Q
A force is a push or pull due to interaction with another what
A
Object
18
Q
2 types of forces
A
Contact
Non contact
19
Q
Contact force meaning
A
Objects interacting must be physically touching
20
Q
Non contact force meaning
A
Objects interacting don’t have to be physically touching
21
Q
What type of force is air resistance
A
Contact
(Object physically touched air particles)
22
Q
Mass is a measure of…
A
How much matter an object has
23
Q
What is a measure of how much matter an object has (measured in kilograms)
A
Mass
24
Q
True or false, weight is the force on an object due to gravity
A
True
25
What is weight
Force on object due to gravity, measured in Newtons
26
Weight is the force on an object due to...
Gravity
27
Weight = mass x what
Gravitational field strength
Weight and mass are directly proportional (if one doubles, so does the other)
28
Relationship between mass and weight
Directly proportional
(Increase at same rate so if one doubles so does the other as weight= mass x gravitational field strength)
29
When the forces on an object are balanced, what is the resultant force equal to
0
(No overall force)
30
Why is the resultant force 0 if the forces on an object are balanced
There is no overall force
31
True or false, when the forces on an object are unbalanced it will accelerate or decelerate
True
32
2 things that can happen to an object if the forces are balanced
Remains stationary
If already moving stays at constant speed
33
Name of force acting in opposite direction to movement
Friction
34
How many forces are needed to bend, stretch or squash an object
2
35
True or false, 2 forces are needed to bend, stretch or squash an object
True
36
What is elastic deformation
An object returns to its original shape once forces are removed
(E.g a spring)
37
What is in elastic deformation/ plastic deformation
Object doesn't return to original shape when forces are removed
E.g playdough
38
Elastic vs inelastic deformation
Elastic deformation- object returns to original shape when forces are removed e.g spring
Inelastic deformation- object doesn't return to original shape when forces are removed e.g playdough
39
What is meant by spring constant
Amount of force needed to stretch/ squash material by 1m
40
The extension of a spring is directly proportional to what (Hooke's law)
Force applied
41
What does Hook's law state
Extension of spring is directly proportional to force applied (up to the limit of proportionality)
42
Another word for the turning effect of a force
Moment of a force
43
True or false, a force causes an object to rotate
True
44
A moment is the...
Turning effect of a force
45
True or false, if the force increases so does the moment
True
As moment = turning effect of the force
46
Why are door handles always furthest away from the hinge (moment= force x distance from pívot)
So that less force needs to be applied due to equation above
47
Which type of gears rotate quickly
Small gears
48
Which type of gears rotate slowly
Big gears
49
Which type of gears rotate with a big moment
Big gears
50
Which type of gears rotate with a small moment
Small gears
51
Small vs big gears
Small gears rotate quickly with small moment
Big gears rotate slowly with big moment
52
What 2 things can be used to increase the moment of a force to make it easier to lift/ rotate an object
Levers/ gears
53
What is force measured in
Newtons (N)
54
What is the magnitude of a force measured in
Newtons
55
Why are forces vector quantities
Thy have both a direction and magnitude (e.g 5N)
56
Is tension a contact or non- contact force
Contact
57
Tension, friction and air resistance are all examples of what type of force
Contact
58
3 types of non contact force
Gravitational, magnetic, electrostatic
59
Gravitational, electrostatic and magnetic are examples of which type of force
Non- contact
60
True or false, the strength of a non- contact force decreases as the objects get further apart
True
61
If a car travelled at 50 miles per hour, what's the magnitude of its speed
50
62
True or false, vectors can be both positive and negative
True
E.g 2km west is - 2km east
63
What type of diagram can we use to find the resultant force of an object
Free body diagrams
64
Free body diagram meaning
Simple diagram showing all the forces acting on an object (using force arrows)
65
If the object has no resultant force acting on it then it's in...
Equilibrium
66
When can an object be in equilibrium
If there's no overall force (resultant force) acting on it
(The forces cancel each other out)
67
What 2 types of diagram can we use to find the resultant force of an object
Free body diagram
Vector diagram
(A to scale drawing using a ruler to then find the 3rd length of the triangle (resultant force) or using Pythagoras)
68
In vector diagrams how do we find the direction of the resultant force
Use protractor measuring to the right of the vertical line
69
Resolving a vector meaning
Splitting it up into its horizontal and vertical components (using scale diagrams)
70
True or false, a liquid is a fluid
True (as it can flow)
71
What 2 states of matter are fluids (can flow)
Liquid and gas
72
Pressure is caused when...
Objects exert force on each other
73
What is caused when objects exert force on each other
Pressure
74
What 2 things does pressure depend on
Magnitude (size) of force
Size of area in contact
(As pressure= force/ area)
75
What is pressure measured in
N/m squared or Pascals
76
Another word for forward force
Thrust force
77
In a fluid does the pressure increase or decrease with depth
Increase
78
What is the average walking speed in m/s
1.5 m/s
79
What is the average running speed in m/s
3m/s
80
What is the average cycling speed in m/s
6m/s
81
In a distance- time graph what does the gradient represent/ tell you
Speed
(Steeper gradient is faster)
82
In a distance time graph what does a horizontal line represent
Not moving (stationary) as the speed is 0
83
Acceleration = change in velocity over what
Time taken
84
Acceleration describes the what
Change in velocity per second
(Therefore equation is change in velocity/ time taken)
85
Unit for acceleration
m/ second squared
86
Which out of liquid and gas is compressible
Gas
(Liquids are incompressible)
87
Compressible meaning
It's volume can change when pressure is applied to it e.g in gases
88
In a velocity time graph what does a horizontal line represent
Moving at a constant speed
89
In a velocity time graph what does the positive gradient represent
Acceleration
90
How to work out distance travelled in velocity time graph
Area under graph (curve)
91
Terminal velocity is reached when all forces are what
Balanced
92
What 2 factors is the stopping distance of a car made up of
Thinking distance
Breaking distance
93
Instrument used to measure weight of object
Newton-meter
(Calibrated spring balance)
94
Will an object sink if it's weight is greater than or less than the upthrust
Greater than
95
An object will float if its weight is equal to what
The upthrust
96
Displacement meaning
Distance and direction of a straight line from the object's starting point to finish point
97
Pressure in a liquid depends on the what of the liquid
Depth
98
The pressure in a fluid causes a force to act at how many degrees to a surface
90 degrees
99
Name for thin layer of air around the Earth
Atmosphere
100
Does the atmosphere get more or less dense with increasing altitude
Less
101
Why does the atmosphere get less dense with increasing altitude
Higher altitude means fewer particles due to less weight of particles above pushing them together
(And density is a measure of number of particles per cubic metre)
