Foreign Policy 1920-1945 Flashcards
(75 cards)
Extent of isolation 1918-1945
P1) 1918-1932
P2) 1932-1939
P3) 1939-45
What are the aims of the Treaty of the Versailles
“Make world safe for democracy” 14 points Self determination Free trade Disarmament LoN
Where the aims of the TOV achieved ?
TOV and LON not ratified due to harsh treatment of Germany
USA refused to cancel debt hence reparations from Germany
When was the TOV signed
28th June 1919
What were the successes of Wilson’s foreign policy
Stayed out of water until 1917
Mobilise the USA effectively
Some of 14 point adopted
LON established
What were the failures of WW foreign policy
Mexico revolution 1913 lead to US invading leading to 500 American deaths
supplying weapons lead to involvement in war
Allowed reparations in return for LON, USA was not a member
What was the change in foreign policy from the 1920s onwards
Change from intervention to isolation
Why did the American public reject the TOV and why did the USA not join the LON
What treatment of Germany as all 6.6 billion in reparations then in 1920 to 33 billion
USA weary of joining LON as could be dragged into protecting European imperialism
What were the consequences of America not joining the LON
LoN had ‘no teeth’
Lead to rise in aggression from Italy Japan and Germany
Reparations lead to collapse of Germany economy
How did the change from intervention to isolation affect economic policies
The mood of the time was isolationist look towards self-sufficiency Therefore tariffs on imported goods were high
Protectionism helped big businesses and capitalist this was a Republican policies
What were the consequences of America having high tariffs on imported goods
But I couldn’t reach retaliated by putting high tariffs on USA goods
This cut off trade links (isolated)
What was the tariff called that put a high tax on imported goods and when was it made
Fordney McCumber
1922
What were the reasons for immigration quotas
Huge influx of immigration during and after WW1
WASP America threatened by spread of new ideas from Europe for example Communist ideas
What were the consequences of the American immigration quotas
Interpretative as racist by other countries
Isolated USA from Europe even further
Between 1920 and 1945 which president were not isolation
Harding
Coolidge
Hoover
What were examples of intervention in the 1920s
Loans to Germany and extended reparations period (Dawes plan 1924 - young plan 1929
Disarmament conferences (Washington naval conference)
4/9 power treaty
Kellog Briand pact
What was the Dawes plan and when was it
1924
USA lends money to GR to save economy
GR pays France
FR pays US war loans back
What was the Washington Naval conference and when was it
1921 - 1922
Set limits on a ration for navies
What was the 4/9 power treaty
Accepted open door trade with China
What was the Kellogg-Briand pact and what year
1928
Rejection of war (up to 60 nations signed)
What was the good neighbour policy and who was it under
Non-intervention in Latin America as us would be a good neighbour and also interact with trade
FDR
What were the reasons for having the good neighbour policy?
Reduced involvement in Latin America signed 1933
Removed platt amendment - Cuba back to Cuba
What were the consequences of the good neighbour policy ?
Re-enforced isolationism
How did the nye committee influence isolationism and how many people agreed
Said that arms manufacturers were to blame for US getting involved in WW1
70% agreed
