Foreign Policy - Overall

Question 1

Yalta Conference

Answer 1

1945
Truman, Stalin and Churchill
Agreed on division of Europe
Before German surrender

Question 2

Potsdam Conference

Answer 2

1945
After German surrender
Truman, Stalin, Attlee
Germany and Korea divided (38th parallel)

Question 3

Long Telegram

Answer 3

1946
George Kennan urged US resistance to Soviets
Truman

Question 4

Truman doctrine launched

Answer 4

1947
In speech to Congress to secure $400 mil aid to Greece and Turkey

Question 5

Marshall Plan

Answer 5

1947
$13bil aid to Western Europe
Boosted trade as well as rebuilding
Truman

Question 6

Berlin blockade

Answer 6

1948 - 1949
Airlift - “Operation Vittles”
Truman

Question 7

NATO created

Answer 7

1949
Anti-Soviet military alliance
Truman

Question 8

Fall of China

Answer 8

1949
Mao in power
Truman

Question 9

Korean War

Answer 9

1950-1953
Truman

Question 10

End of Korean War

Answer 10

1953
Eisenhower threatened to use nuclear bombs on China

Question 11

New Look/Massive Retaliation set out

Answer 11

1953
Eisenhower plans to shift away from expensive boots on the ground to nuclear forces/covert warfare

Question 12

Death of Stalin

Answer 12

1953
Eisenhower

Question 13

Iran coup

Answer 13

1953
US and UK back Shah’s coup against Mossadeq
Eisenhower

Question 14

SEATO created

Answer 14

1954
South Vietnam did not join
Eisenhower

Question 15

CENTO created

Answer 15

1954
Middle East
Eisenhower

Question 16

Domino theory

Answer 16

1954
Eisenhower

Question 17

Matsu & Quemoy crisis

Answer 17

1954
Use of brinkmanship
Eisenhower

Question 18

Geneva Summit

Answer 18

1955
Eisenhower meets Khrushchev
First US/USSR meeting since Potsdam

Question 19

Hungarian Revolution

Answer 19

1956
Eisenhower doesn’t keep promise of rollback

Question 20

Suez crisis

Answer 20

1956
Eisenhower pressured UK, France and Israel into peace to avoid antagonising Arab nations

Question 21

Sputnik launch

Answer 21

1957
Soviets launch Sputnik
NASA formed a year later as a response
Eisenhower

Question 22

U2 crisis

Answer 22

1960
Khrushchev cancels summit conference with USA over spy plane shot down over Russia
Eisenhower

Question 23

Trade embargo on Cuba

Answer 23

1960
Response to Cuba suspending sugar exports to USA
(80% of Cuban exports to US)
Eisenhower

Question 24

Space race begins

Answer 24

1961
JFK promises that the US will land on the moon

Question 25

Cuba aligns with Soviets

Answer 25

1961 Castro declares his government socialist JFK

Question 26

Bay of Pigs

Answer 26

1961 1400 exiles JFK

Question 27

Vienna Summit

Answer 27

1961 First meeting between JFK and Khrushchev Discussed Laos, Berlin, Vietnam

Question 28

Berlin Wall built

Answer 28

1961 JFK

Question 29

Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 29

1962 JFK

Question 30

Battle of Ap Bac

Answer 30

1963 US assisted ARVN against Viet Cong Loss for ARVN/US JFK

Question 31

JFK visit to Berlin

Answer 31

1963

Question 32

Partial Test Ban treaty

Answer 32

1963 USA/USSR agree to no nuclear tests in space, atmosphere or underwater Underground permitted Hotline established between the White House and the Kremlin JFK

Question 33

Diem assassination

Answer 33

1963 Ngo Dinh Diem assassinated Replaced by General Minh US advisors upped to 17000 from 1000 by 1963 JFK

Question 34

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Answer 34

1964 Gives LBJ authority to operate in Vietnam

Question 35

Operation Rolling Thunder begins

Answer 35

1965 Response to attack at Pleiku Bombing of North Vietnam LBJ

Question 36

Ground troop escalation under LBJ

Answer 36

331,000 army 78,000 marines by 1968

Question 37

France leaves NATO

Answer 37

1966 Charles de Gaulle withdrew France as he saw Vietnam war as colonialism

Question 38

Tet Offensive

Answer 38

1968 Military loss for VC, but propaganda win

Question 39

Detente begins

Answer 39

1969 Nixon/Kissinger

Question 40

Vietnamisation introduced

Answer 40

1969 "Peace with honour" promised Nixon

Question 41

CIA campaign in Chile

Answer 41

1970 Socialist Allende elected CIA aided opposition, encouraged protests, funded media criticism US and World Bank loans to Chile stopped Nixon

Question 42

Invasion of Cambodia

Answer 42

1970 30,000 troops Nixon

Question 43

Visit to China

Answer 43

1972 China puts pressure on NV to accept treaty Nixon

Question 44

SALT signed

Answer 44

1972 Nixon and Brezhnev Led to USSR putting pressure on NV to accept peace

Question 45

Christmas bombings

Answer 45

1972 Targets included Hanoi and Haiphong harbour Nixon

Question 46

Paris Peace Accords

Answer 46

1973 POWs exchanged Thieu remained in power Nixon

Question 47

Draft abolished

Answer 47

1973 Nixon

Question 48

Coup in Chile

Answer 48

1973 Pinochet becomes dictator Nixon

Question 49

Yom-Kippur war

Answer 49

1973 Israel - Egypt Shuttle diplomacy used Nixon

Question 50

Vladivostok summit

Answer 50

1974 Ford and Brezhnev agree principles of SALT II

Question 51

Fall of Saigon

Answer 51

1975 Ford

Question 52

Helsinki agreement

Answer 52

1975 More trade and economic cooperation West and East Germany recognised, borders in Eastern Europe recognised Human rights record opened to scrutiny Ford

Question 53

Operation Condor begins

Answer 53

1975 Ford

Question 54

Camp David Accords

Answer 54

1978 Sadat of Egypt and Begin of Israel Land exchange Formally recognised each other Carter

Question 55

Iran revolution

Answer 55

1978 Revolution against Shah, Ayatollah Khomeni gains power in 1979 Carter

Question 56

Recognition of China

Answer 56

1979 Mutual Defense Treaty with Taiwan revoked Carter

Question 57

SALT II agreed

Answer 57

1979 Agreed at Vienna Summit Not ratified after invasion of Afghanistan Carter

Question 58

Iran hostage crisis

Answer 58

1979 52 Americans taken hostage

Question 59

Invasion of Afghanistan

Answer 59

1979 Soviets invade, install puppet regime US works with Pakistan and Saudi Arabia to train and fund Mujahideen End of detente Carter

Question 60

Operation Eagle Claw

Answer 60

1980 Fails, 8 soldiers killed Carter