Forensic Psychology

Question 1

Offender profiling: the top-down approach, including organised and disorganised types of offender

Answer 1

Copson/Scherer and Jarvis, Unreliability (based on 36 most dangerous)

Question 2

Offender profiling: the bottom-up approach

Answer 2

Canter and Larkin/Petherick, Scientific (strength/weakness)

Question 3

Biological/historical explanation of offending (atavistic form)

Answer 3

Pioneering approach, Gender bias

Question 4

Biological explanation (genetics and neural)

Answer 4

Genetic: Crowe/Mednick et al, Negative implications (deterministic)

Neural: Prison treatment for mental illnesses, lack of validity

Question 5

Eysenck’s theory of criminal personality

Answer 5

Zuckerman, Mischel and Peake

Question 6

Cognitive explanations

Answer 6

Gudjonsson and Sigurdsson, Schonenberg and Aiste

Question 7

Differential association theory

Answer 7

Osborn and West/Akers et al., Real-world applications

Question 8

Psychodynamic explanation

Answer 8

Farrington et al., Gender bias

Question 9

Custodial sentencing and recidivism

Answer 9

Lack of reliability

Question 10

Behavioural modification

Answer 10

Lack of long-term benefits

Question 11

Anger management

Answer 11

Ireland (young male offenders)

Question 12

Restorative justice programmes

Answer 12

Avon and Somerset/Dignon