foreshadowing - persona

Question 1

foreshadowing - definition

Answer 1

When an author gives hints about what will occur later in a story.

Question 2

foreshadowing - example

Answer 2

at the beginning of a story a character talks about hating wolves and then later on they have a encounter with a whole pack.

Question 3

foreshadowing - impact on text

Answer 3

helps to build suspense in a story, spark curiosity in a reader, and have a satisfying “aha” moment

Question 4

genre - definition

Answer 4

The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. However, genres can be subdivided as well (poetry can be classified into lyric, dramatic, narrative, etc.).

Question 5

gothic - definition

Answer 5

Writing characterized by gloom, mystery, fear and/or death. Also refers to an architectural style of the middle ages, often seen in cathedrals of this period.

Question 6

gothic - example

Answer 6

edgar allan poe the raven

Question 7

imagery - definition

Answer 7

Word or words that create a picture in the reader’s mind. Usually this involves the five senses. Authors often use imagery in conjunction with metaphors, similes, or figures of speech.

Question 8

imagery - example

Answer 8

The old book had water spots across its spine. Some of the pages yellowed.

Question 9

imagery - impact on text

Answer 9

can be used to enhance character, setting, meaning, and the theme in the text.

Question 10

invective - definition

Answer 10

A long, emotionally violent, attack using strong, abusive language.

Question 11

invective - example

Answer 11

with such gallant bravery, you are sure to be alone for the rest of your days

Question 12

invective - impact on text

Answer 12

can be used to attack, belittle, or frighten an adversary.

Question 13

irony - definition

Answer 13

When the opposite of what you expect to happen does.

Question 14

verbal irony - definition

Answer 14

When you say something and mean the opposite/something different.

Question 15

verbal irony - example

Answer 15

if your gym teacher wants you to run a mile in eight minutes or faster, but calls it a “walk in the park” it would be verbal irony.

Question 16

verbal irony - impact on text

Answer 16

indirectly characterizing different people in a novel.

Question 17

dramatic irony - definition

Answer 17

When the audience of a drama, play, movie, etc. knows something that the character doesn’t and would be surprised to find out.

Question 18

dramatic irony - example

Answer 18

in many horror movies, we (the audience) know who the killer is, which the victim-to-be has no idea who is doing the slaying. Sometimes the character trusts the killer completely when (ironically) he/she shouldn’t.

Question 19

dramatic irony - impact on text

Answer 19

enhances the audience’s connection to the narrative by creating suspense and anticipation as they foresee the characters’ eventual realization.

Question 20

situational irony - definition

Answer 20

Found in the plot (or story line) of a book, story, or movie. Sometimes it makes you laugh because it’s funny how things turn out.

Question 21

situational irony - example

Answer 21

Johnny spent two hours planning on sneaking into the movie theater and missed the movie. When he finally did manage to sneak inside he found out that kids were admitted free that day

Question 22

situational irony - impact on text

Answer 22

situational irony adds a splash of unexpectedness that can make a story truly unforgettable.

Question 23

juxtaposition - definition

Answer 23

Placing things side by side for the purposes of comparison. Authors often use juxtaposition of ideas or examples in order to make a point.

Question 24

juxtaposition - example

Answer 24

an author my juxtapose the average day of a typical American with that of someone in the third world in order to make a point of social commentary

Question 25

juxtaposition - impact on text

Answer 25

This can help strengthen an argument, create an emotional response, or otherwise add meaning.

Question 26

mood - definition

Answer 26

The atmosphere created by the literature and accomplished through word choice (diction). Syntax is often a creator of mood since word order, sentence length and strength and complexity also affect pacing and therefore mood. Setting, tone, and events can all affect the mood.

Question 27

motif - definition

Answer 27

a recurring idea in a piece of literature.

Question 28

motif - example

Answer 28

In To Kill a Mockingbird, the idea that “you never really understand another person until you consider things from his or her point of view”

Question 29

motif - impact on text

Answer 29

A motif can highlight something about a character, to help us understand them better, or it can help to establish the mood of the story. Often, motifs reinforce the themes of the story.

Question 30

oxymoron - definition

Answer 30

When apparently contradictory terms are grouped together and suggest a paradox

Question 31

oxymoron - example

Answer 31

“wise fool,” “eloquent silence,” “jumbo shrimp.”

Question 32

oxymoron - impact on text

Answer 32

The resulting phrase helps to build dramatic effect or create a playful tone within a more complex idea. That's why oxymorons are often used in speeches to add humor, sarcasm, or irony.

Question 33

pacing - definition

Answer 33

The speed or tempo of an author’s writing.

Question 34

pacing - example

Answer 34

Writers can use a variety of devices (syntax, polysyndeton, anaphora, meter) to change the pacing of their words. An author’s pacing can be fast, sluggish, stabbing, vibrato, staccato, measured, etc.

Question 35

pacing - impact on text

Answer 35

The pace at which a story is told can influence the reader's emotional response to the events and characters in the story. For example, slow pacing can create suspense, while fast pacing can increase tension.

Question 36

paradox - definition

Answer 36

A seemingly contradictory situation which is actually true.

Question 37

paradox - example

Answer 37

“You can't get a job without experience, and you can't get experience without getting a job.”

Question 38

paradox - impact on text

Answer 38

When a reader looks at a paradox, they look over the idea in a more innovative way. When a reader sees a paradox, think of it as a "Huh, that's interesting" moment.

Question 39

parallelism - definition

Answer 39

(Also known as parallel structure or balanced sentences.) Sentence construction which places equal grammatical constructions near each other, or repeats identical grammatical patterns.

Question 40

parallelism - example

Answer 40

“Cinderella swept the floor, dusted the mantle, and beat the rugs.”

Question 41

parallelism - impact on text

Answer 41

Parallelism is used to add emphasis, organization, or sometimes pacing to writing.

Question 42

anaphora - definition

Answer 42

Repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences or clauses in a row.

Question 43

anaphora - example

Answer 43

“I came, I saw, I conquered.”

Question 44

anaphora - impact on text

Answer 44

This is a deliberate form of repetition and helps make the writer's point more coherent.

Question 45

chiasmus - definition

Answer 45

When the same words are used twice in succession, but the second time, the order of the words is reversed.

Question 46

chiasmus - example

Answer 46

“Fair is foul and foul is fair.”

Question 47

chiasmus - impact on text

Answer 47

The technique creates a memorable rhythm and deepens the idea through contrast, which makes this a very powerful part of the poem. If the concepts are similar rather than contrasting, chiasmus creates emphasis.

Question 48

antithesis - definition

Answer 48

Two opposite or contrasting words, phrases, or clauses, or even ideas, with parallel structure.

Question 49

antithesis - example

Answer 49

“It was the best of times, it was the worst of times”

Question 50

antithesis - impact on text

Answer 50

Antithesis enhances your writing by illuminating differences and making your point more persuasive.

Question 51

zeugma - definition

Answer 51

When a single word governs or modifies two or more other words, and the meaning of the first word must change for each of the other words it governs or modifies.

Question 52

zeugma - example

Answer 52

“The butler killed the lights, and then the mistress.”

Question 53

zeugma - impact on text

Answer 53

Zeugma is often used to add emotion, produce a level of shock, create a thoughtful effect, or add emotion.

Question 54

parenthetical thesis - definition

Answer 54

Parentheses are used to set off an idea from the rest of the sentence. It is almost considered an aside...a whisper, and should be used sparingly for effect, rather than repeatedly. Parentheses can also be used to set off dates and numbers.

Question 55

parenthetical thesis - example

Answer 55

In a short time (and the time is getting shorter by the gallon) America will be out of oil.”

Question 56

parenthetical thesis - impact on text

Answer 56

used to create background and used to intensify the effect of something said.

Question 57

parody - definition

Answer 57

An exaggerated imitation of a serious work for humorous purposes. It borrows words or phrases from an original, and pokes fun at it. This is also a form of allusion, since it is referencing a previous text

Question 58

parody - example

Answer 58

The Simpsons often parody Shakespeare plays. Saturday Night Live also parodies famous persons and events. Do not confuse with satire.

Question 59

persona - definition

Answer 59

The fictional mask or narrator that tells a story. Do not confuse with alter-ego.