Forestry

Question 1

Forestry

Answer 1

The science, art and practice of managing the natural resources that occur on and in association with forest land for human benefit

Question 2

Forest

Answer 2

A biological community of plants with trees being a predominant part of the ecosystem. Composed of living and non-living organisms in the ecosystem

Question 3

Tree

Answer 3

A woody perennial plant, usually with a single main stem (trunk), with a height of 20 or more feet at maturity

Question 4

Forester

Answer 4

A resource manager responsible for all the goods, benefits and services obtainable from the forest land

Question 5

T/F: A tree is the tallest living organism

Answer 5

True

Question 5

T/F: A tree is the second and third most massive living organism in the world

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T/F: A tree is NOT the oldest living organism

Answer 6

False; they are!

Question 7

What are the 4 major crown functions for trees?

Answer 7

1. Photosynthesis
2. Movement of materials up & down
3. Storage
4. Regeneration

Question 7

T/F: 4% of the forest is considered as old growth (aka never been harvested) in WI

Answer 7

True!

Question 8

Major carbohydrate uses in a tree

Answer 8

1. Cellular energy
2. Growth/structure
3. Nutrient absorption
4. Reproduction
5. Defense/protection
6. Storage/savings

Question 9

What are the 3 major trunk functions?

Answer 9

1. Supports the crown
2. Helps move materials up and down
3. Storage

Question 10

Northern Wisconsin has c____r trees whereas Southern Wisconsin has d_______s trees

Answer 10

1. Conifer
2. Decidious

Question 11

FIB: Lots of trees have migrated from ___ ____ ____

Answer 11

The Great Plains

Question 12

T/F: Different types of trees do not have different types of pollen

Answer 12

False!

Question 13

MR: The first trees that came in from The Great Plains were _____ ______.

Answer 13

Spruce trees

Question 14

What type of trees were able to float downstream to sawmills back in the day?

Answer 14

White pine trees

Question 15

T/F: Forests tend to struggle to regenerate after being manipulated for agricultural uses

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Who was the first historical forester in Wisconsin?

Answer 16

Ian Griffith

Question 17

The CCC Pine Plantation program from the US government was implemented for what purpose?

Answer 17

For conservation efforts after WW1 ended (CCC started in 1933 and went till 1942)

Question 18

T/F: Some forest plantations are used for biomass purposes

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What is early succession?

Answer 19

When a habitat develops quickly after a disturbance

Question 20

What are the 3 main types of woody plants?

Answer 20

1. Liana
2. Shrub
3. Tree

Question 21

What drives the a vast majority of tree growth?

Answer 21

Snow

Question 22

Conifer trees are an example of (decurrent/excurrent) trees?

Answer 22

Excurrent

Question 23

Flower-bearing trees are examples of (decurrent/excurrent) trees?

Answer 23

Decurrent

Question 24

Do excurrent trees snuff off snow?

Answer 24

Yes, the branches are designed to hold the weight of the snow until its too heavy in which the branch will "jump up" releasing snow

Question 25

T/F: Decurrent tree types lose their leaves in the fall

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Why do excurrent trees keep their leaves?

Answer 26

To save energy by not reproducing new leaves

Question 27

T/F: Decurrent trees cannot photosynthesize due to the presence of water storage, leaves and needles

Answer 27

False; they can!

Question 28

What are the 4 main functions of stems?

Answer 28

1. Nutrient transportation 2. Provides structure 3. Protection from herbivores 4. Storage of water & waste

Question 29

A leaf is not a leaf without an _______ ___.

Answer 29

Auxiliary bud

Question 30

What are 3 types of protective structures?

Answer 30

1. Spine (modified parts of a leaf) 2. Prickles (found on roses) 3. Thorn (a modified twig)

Question 31

What are the 4 functions of roots?

Answer 31

1. Anchorage 2. Nutrients (water, uptake) 3. Communication 4. Storage

Question 32

Based on the different types of stem tissue within trees, what stem tissue could you remove that would kill the tree?

Answer 32

Phloem

Question 33

In the spring, xylem pores get (bigger/smaller) while in the summer they get (bigger/smaller) based on water needs

Answer 33

1. Bigger 2. Smaller

Question 34

What is density?

Answer 34

The weight per unit volume

Question 35

Low density is (lighter/heavier) whereas high density is (lighter/heavier)

Answer 35

Lighter, heavier

Question 36

What is durability?

Answer 36

The ability to withstand decay

Question 37

Tannins and _____ repel decay

Answer 37

Oils

Question 38

What are the 4 common types of leaf arrangements?

Answer 38

1. Alternate 2. Opposite 3. Whorled 4. Spiraled

Question 39

What is the main function of leaves?

Answer 39

Photosynthesis

Question 40

FIB: Leaf color changes due to the breakdown of _________?

Answer 40

Chlorophyll

Question 41

What are 8 global drivers of distribution?

Answer 41

1. Soil 2. Topography 3. Elevation 4. Aspect (direction) 5. Slope (steepness) 6. Disturbance 7. Competition (invasive species) 8. Humans (development)

Question 42

What are disturbances?

Answer 42

Any event that disrupts the ecosystem, community, population structure, etc

Question 43

Major disturbance factors include:

Answer 43

Fire, wind, flooding

Question 44

Minor disturbance factors include:

Answer 44

Funguses, diseases, insects, lightning, wind

Question 45

What are stand-replacing fires?

Answer 45

A major disturbance type that replaces dead trees

Question 46

What are stand-maintaining fires?

Answer 46

A minor disturbance type that only takes out some trees while leaving some behind

Question 47

The Disturbance Regime consists of 4 major types:

Answer 47

1. Frequency 2. Intensity 3. Spatial scale (area) 4. Disturbance type (natural/anthropogenic)

Question 48

What are the 4 natural upper midwest disturbances?

Answer 48

1. Wind (tornadoes) 2. Fire (lightning) 3. Flooding 4. Insects

Question 49

Fire suppression is bad because...

Answer 49

It will lead to more underbrush/density which can lead to stand-replacing fires