Form

Question 1

(female) complaint

Answer 1

poem of protest and lament, typically at amorous disappointment, betrayal or desertion; in the decades around 1600 deeply caught up with the epyllion and sonnet-sequence, not least in Shakespeare

Question 2

Alexandrine

Answer 2

In English an iambic hexameter
In French a line of 12 beats and the staple form

Question 3

Arch-rhyme/chiasmic rhyme

Answer 3

A rhyme scheme with mirror symmetry, as abba

Question 4

Blank verse

Answer 4

Unrhymed iambic pentameter

Question 5

Burden/refrain

Answer 5

Line/lines are repeated

Question 6

Canto

Answer 6

Numbered section into which longer poems are commonly divided

Question 7

canzone

Answer 7

65 lines, 5 douzaines + pentain, uses only 5 end words

Question 8

caudate (tailed) Sonnet

Answer 8

adding one or more tercets

Question 9

clerihew

Answer 9

quatrain of 2 unequal couplets, first line always someones name

Question 10

Closed

Answer 10

Of a couplet - second line end-stopped

Question 11

common metre/ ballad metre/ ballad stanza

Answer 11

iambic quatrain a8b6c8b6

Question 12

country-house poem

Answer 12

primarily, a substantial group of 17thC poems describing and usually lauding a landowning patron’s house and grounds, but extending to later poems centrally featuring such houses and grounds.

Question 13

couplet-rhymed quatrains

Answer 13

aabb

Question 14

Cross-rhymed quatrains

Answer 14

abab

Question 15

envoi

Answer 15

a shorter terminal stanza, such as the tercet in villanelles or pentain in canzoni

Question 16

fourteeners

Answer 16

couplets in iambic heptameter

Question 17

haiku

Answer 17

lines of 5,7,5 syllables with volta after 1st or 2nd lines

Question 18

heroic quatrains

Answer 18

iambic pentameters rhyming ABAB

Question 19

isometric vs heterometric stanzas

Answer 19

constant vs varied line-length

Question 20

lyric

Answer 20

classic mode: at first musically accompanied.
Now - most short, non-narrative, non-dramatic verse

Question 21

mock-epic

Answer 21

a poem comically or satirically dressed in epic conventions for which its subject and/or manner are inappropriate

Question 22

mono rhymed quatrains

Answer 22

(rare) one rhyme throughout (aaaa)

Question 23

ode

Answer 23

formal poem of some dignity or length (Alcaic, Sapphic, Pindaric and Horation)

Question 24

open form

Answer 24

of form - variable
of couplets - 2nd line enjambed to first line of next couplet/other form

Question 25

ottava rima

Answer 25

Stanza of 8 lines Iambic pentameter Abababcc

Question 26

pastoral

Answer 26

a mode or genre, classically until Renaissance - ft. leisure-time rusticity of the high-born v highly stylised, with designated roles and role-names for amorous play and witty debate. urban pastoral - but latterly used as a means of considering class-issues and post-industrial geography

Question 27

Petrachan

Answer 27

sonnet - octave abbaabba, sestet cdecde

Question 28

rhyme royal

Answer 28

stanza of 7 lines, iambic pentameter, ababbcc (now you get down on one knee)

Question 29

rubai/ Khayyam stanza

Answer 29

AABA

Question 30

satire, satiric

Answer 30

a classical mode, initially meaning a mixed sequence or form (as late as Renaissance) later - loose collective term for all art that mocks or otherwise ridicules to urge correction and reform.

Question 31

sestina

Answer 31

39 lines, 6 sests + terct, abcdef faebdc cfdabe ecbfad deacfb bdfeca eca ot ace (and must also use b, d, f word sin the tercet - envoi or tornada)

Question 32

Shakespearean sonnet

Answer 32

abab cdcd efef gg

Question 33

single-rhymed

Answer 33

only one pair of rhyming lines e.g.. abcb or abac

Question 34

Spenserian sonnet

Answer 34

rhyming ABABBCBCCDCDEE

Question 35

stanzaic

Answer 35

lines grouped in stanzas - 'room or stopping place (in Italian)'

Question 36

stichic (as opposed to being stanzaic e.g. Spencerian sonnet)

Answer 36

simple sequence of lines

Question 37

terza rima

Answer 37

successive tercets rhyming aba bcb cdc etc.

Question 38

verse-paragraphs

Answer 38

in blank verse operate as units of argument or emotion

Question 39

villanelle

Answer 39

19 heroic lines, 5 tercets + quatrain, a1ba2 aba1 aba2 aba1 aba2 aba1a2

Question 40

what are the two 3 line forms

Answer 40

triplet (aaa) tercet - one or more lines don't rhyme (aab, aba, abb, abc)

Question 41

Spenserian stanza

Answer 41

8 iambic pentameters + a hexameter (alexandrine) ababbcbcc