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Prat Crit > Form > Flashcards

Form Flashcards

1
Q

(female) complaint

A

poem of protest and lament, typically at amorous disappointment, betrayal or desertion; in the decades around 1600 deeply caught up with the epyllion and sonnet-sequence, not least in Shakespeare

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2
Q

Alexandrine

A

In English an iambic hexameter
In French a line of 12 beats and the staple form

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3
Q

Arch-rhyme/chiasmic rhyme

A

A rhyme scheme with mirror symmetry, as abba

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4
Q

Blank verse

A

Unrhymed iambic pentameter

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5
Q

Burden/refrain

A

Line/lines are repeated

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6
Q

Canto

A

Numbered section into which longer poems are commonly divided

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7
Q

canzone

A

65 lines, 5 douzaines + pentain, uses only 5 end words

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8
Q

caudate (tailed) Sonnet

A

adding one or more tercets

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9
Q

clerihew

A

quatrain of 2 unequal couplets, first line always someones name

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10
Q

Closed

A

Of a couplet - second line end-stopped

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11
Q

common metre/ ballad metre/ ballad stanza

A

iambic quatrain a8b6c8b6

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12
Q

country-house poem

A

primarily, a substantial group of 17thC poems describing and usually lauding a landowning patron’s house and grounds, but extending to later poems centrally featuring such houses and grounds.

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13
Q

couplet-rhymed quatrains

A

aabb

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14
Q

Cross-rhymed quatrains

A

abab

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15
Q

envoi

A

a shorter terminal stanza, such as the tercet in villanelles or pentain in canzoni

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16
Q

fourteeners

A

couplets in iambic heptameter

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17
Q

genre

A

literary use: 19th C oinage now covering all (supposed) methods of distinguishing and grouping (literary) forms
Pratically: a collcetive noun for various sets of conventional or typical epectations readers learn to have

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18
Q

haiku

A

lines of 5,7,5 syllables with volta after 1st or 2nd lines

19
Q

heroic quatrains

A

iambic pentameters rhyming ABAB

20
Q

isometric vs heterometric stanzas

A

constant vs varied line-length

21
Q

lyric

A

classic mode: at first musically accompanied.
Now - most short, non-narrative, non-dramatic verse

22
Q

mock-epic

A

a poem comically or satirically dressed in epic conventions for which its subject and/or manner are inappropriate

23
Q

mono rhymed quatrains

A

(rare) one rhyme throughout (aaaa)

24
Q

ode

A

formal poem of some dignity or length (Alcaic, Sapphic, Pindaric and Horation)

25
Q

open form

A

of form - variable
of couplets - 2nd line enjambed to first line of next couplet/other form

26
Q

ottava rima

A

Stanza of 8 lines
Iambic pentameter
Abababcc

27
Q

pantun, pantoum

A

highly repetitive Malay form, rhymed quatrains successively reusing 2 lines from each in the next; once in French vogue but never in English

28
Q

pastoral

A

a mode or genre, classically until Renaissance - ft. leisure-time rusticity of the high-born
v highly stylised, with designated roles and role-names for amorous play and witty debate.
urban pastoral - but latterly used as a means of considering class-issues and post-industrial geography

29
Q

Petrachan

A

sonnet - octave abbaabba, sestet cdecde

30
Q

rhyme royal

A

stanza of 7 lines, iambic pentameter, ababbcc

31
Q

rubai/ Khayyam stanza

A

AABA

32
Q

satire, satiric

A

a classical mode, initially meaning a mixed sequence or form (as late as Renaissance)
later - loose collective term for all art that mocks or otherwise ridicules to urge correction and reform.

33
Q

sestina

A

39 lines, 6 sests + terct, abcdef faebdc cfdabe ecbfad deacfb bdfeca eca ot ace (and must also use b, d, f word sin the tercet - envoi or tornada)

34
Q

Shakespearean sonnet

A

abab cdcd efef gg

35
Q

single-rhymed

A

only one pair of rhyming lines e.g.. abcb or abac

36
Q

Spenserian sonnet

A

rhyming ABABBCBCCDCDEE

37
Q

stanzaic

A

lines grouped in stanzas - ‘room or stopping place (in Italian)’

38
Q

stichic (as opposed to being stanzaic e.g. Spencerian sonnet)

A

simple sequence of lines

39
Q

terza rima

A

successive tercets rhyming aba bcb cdc etc.

40
Q

verse-paragraphs

A

in blank verse operate as units of argument or emotion

41
Q

villanelle

A

19 heroic lines, 5 tercets + quatrain, a1ba2 aba1 aba2 aba1 aba2 aba1a2

42
Q

what are the two 3 line forms

A

triplet (aaa)
tercet - one or more lines don’t rhyme (aab, aba, abb, abc)

43
Q

Spenserian stanza

A

8 iambic pentameters + a hexameter (alexandrine) ababbcbcc

Prat Crit (8 decks)

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