Formulas Flashcards
(82 cards)
1
Q
1 tsp to ml
A
5 ml
2
Q
1 tbsp to ml
A
15 ml
3
Q
1 fl oz to ml
A
30ml
4
Q
1 cup to oz
A
8 oz
5
Q
1 pint to oz
A
16 oz
6
Q
1 quart to oz
A
32 oz
7
Q
1 gallon to oz
A
128 oz
8
Q
1kg to lb
A
2.2 lbs
9
Q
1 oz to g
A
28.4 g
10
Q
1lb to g
A
454 g
11
Q
1 grain to mg
A
65mg
12
Q
1 inch to cm
A
2.54 cm
13
Q
Specific gravity
A
Wt of substance (g) / wt of equal volume of water (g) or SG = g/mL
14
Q
mOsmol/L =
A
(Wt of substance (g/L) / MW (g/mole)) * (# of particles) * 1000
15
Q
E =
A
(58.5)(i) / (mw of drug)(1.8)
16
Q
Mols =
A
g/MW
17
Q
mEq =
A
(mg x valence) / MW
18
Q
EN: Carbs, protein = ? Kcal/gram
A
4 kcal/gm
19
Q
EN: fat = ? Kcal/gm
A
9 kcal/gm
20
Q
PN: dextrose = ? Kcal/gm
A
3.4 kcal/gm
21
Q
PN: AA = ? Kcal/gm
A
4 kcal/gm
22
Q
PN: ILE 10% / 20% / 30% = ? ? ? Kcal/ml
A
1.1 / 2 / 3 kcal/mL
23
Q
Fluid needs when wt > 20kg =
A
1,500 mL + (20mL)(wt in kg - 20)
Can estimate using 30-40mL/kg/day
24
Q
TEE =
A
BEE x activity factor x stress factor
25
Grams of nitrogen from protein
Nitrogen (g) = protein intake (g) / 6.25
26
Corrected calcium
Alb < 3.5
| Ca corrected = Ca + [(4.0 - alb) * (0.8)]
27
BMI =
Wt (kg) / (ht (m) ^2) or (wt (lbs) / (ht (in) ^2)) x 703
28
IBW =
Males = 50kg + (2.3)(# of inches over 5 ft)
Females = 45.5g + (2.3)(# of inches over 5 ft)
29
AdjBW =
IBW + 0.4(TBW - IBW)
30
Dehydration =
BUN:SCr > 20:1
31
CrCl =
((140 - age) / (72 x SCr)) x wt (kg) (x 0.85 if female)
32
Anion Gap =
Na - Cl - HCO3
33
Weak acid equation
pH = pKa + log [salt/acid]
34
Weak base pH eq
pH = pKa + log [base/salt]
35
Weak acid % ionization
% ionization = 100 / (1 + 10^(pKa-pH))
36
Weak base % ionization
% ionization = 100 / (1 + 10^(pH-pKa))
37
ANC =
ANC = WBC x [(% segs + % bands) / 100]
38
Deg C =
Deg C = (F - 32)/1.8
39
Deg F =
Deg F = (C x 1.8) + 32
40
Time to burn =
TTB (w/ sunscreen in mins) = SPF x TTB (w/o sunscreen)
41
Risk =
Risk = # of subjects in grp with unfavorable event / total # of subjects in grp
42
Relative Risk =
RR = risk in treatment grp / risk in control grp
43
Relative Rate Reduction =
RRR = (% risk in control grp - % risk in treatment grp) / % risk in control grp
44
Absolute Risk Reduction
ARR = (% risk in control grp) - (% risk in treatment grp)
45
Number Needed to Treat/Harm =
NNT or NNH = 1/ARR (expressed as decimal)
46
Odds Ratio
OR = [(exposure present and outcome present) x (exposure absent and outcome absent)] / [(exposure present and outcome absent) x (exposure absent and outcome present)]
A B
C D OR = AD/BC
47
Hazard Ratio =
HR = hazard rate in treatment grp / hazard rate in control grp
48
Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio =
ICR = (C2 - C1) / (E2 - E1)
49
Pack-year smoking hx =
Pack-year smoking hx = cig packs/day x years smoked
50
Initiating basal-bolus in T1DM
1) TDD = 0.5 u/kg/day using TBW
2) 1/2 basal and 1/2 bolus (if using NPH/R, use 2/3 and 1/3)
3) split rapid acting among meals
51
Insulin-to-carb ratio for regular insulin
450 / TDD = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit of reg insulin
52
Insulin-to-carb ratio for rapid acting insulin
500 / TDD = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit of rapid acting insulin
53
Correction factor for regular insulin
1500 / TDD = CF for 1 unit of regular insulin
54
Correction Factor for rapid-acting
1,800 / TDD = CF for 1 unit of rapid acting
55
Correction dose =
CD = ((BG) - (target BG)) / CF
56
LDL =
LDL = TC - HDL - (TG/5)
| (do not use if TG > 400)
57
Minimum weighiable qt
MWQ = sensitivity requirement / acceptable error rate
58
BSA =
BSA = square root of (ht (cm) x wt (kg)) / 3600
59
Bioavailability =
F (%) = 100 x (AUC extravascular / AUC intravenous) x (dose intravenous / dose extravascular)
60
Vd =
Vd = amount of drug in body / concentration of drug in plasma
61
Clearance
```
Cl = (F x dose) / AUC
Cl = ke x Vd
```
62
Ke =
Ke = Cl / Vd
63
C2 =
| Predicting drug concentrations
```
C2 = C1 x e^-kt
Ke = ln (C1/C2) / t
```
64
t 1/2 =
t 1/2 = 0.693 / Ke
65
Loading dose =
LD = (desired concentration x Vd) / F
66
MAP =
MAP = ((2 x DBP) + SBP) / 3
67
Phenytoin corrected =
PhenytoinC = total phenytoin measured / ((0.2 x alb) + 0.1)
| Can also be used for valproic acid
68
KCl % conversion
KCl 10% = 20mEq/15mL
69
Calcium carbonate to elemental calcium
Calcium carbonate = 40% elemental calcium
70
Calcium citrate elemental calcium
Calcium citrate = 21% elemental calcium
71
Aminophylline to Theophylline
Multiply by 0.8
72
Loop Diuretic Conversions
Ethacrynic acid = 50mg
Furosemide = 40mg
Torsemide = 20mg
Bumetanide = 1mg
73
Furosemide IV to PO
IV to PO = 1:2
74
Metoprolol IV to PO
IV:PO = 1:2.5
75
Ferrous sulfate elemental iron
Ferrous sulfate = 20% elemental iron
76
NPH that is BID to daily glargine
80% of NPH dose
77
Toujeo to other forms of glargine or detemir
Use 80% of Toujeo dose
78
Levothyroxine IV to PO
IV:PO = 0.75:1
79
Steroids Conversion Chart
```
Cortisone = 25mg
Hydrocortisone = 20mg
Prednisone = 5mg
Prednisolone = 5mg
Methylprednisolone = 4mg
Triamcinolone = 4mg
Dexamethasone = 0.75mg
Betamethasone = 0.6mg
```
80
Statins Conversion Chart
```
Pitavastatin = 2mg
Rosuvastatin = 5mg
Atorvastatin = 10mg
Simvastatin = 20mg
Lovastatin = 40mg
Pravastatin = 40mg
Fluvastatin = 80mg
```
81
Lithium conversions
5mL lithium citrate syrup = 300mg lithium carbonate = 8mEq Li+ ion
82
Opioid Conversion Chart
```
Morphine = 10mg (IV/IM) & 30mg (oral)
Hydromorphone = 1.5mg (IV/IM) & 7.5mg (oral)
Oxycodone = 20mg (oral)
Hydrocodone = 30mg (oral)
Codeine = 130mg (IV/IM) & 200mg (oral)
Fentanyl = 0.1mg (IV/IM)
Meperidine = 75mg (IV/IM) & 300mg (oral)
Oxymorphone = 1mg (IV/IM) & 10mg (oral)
```
