Formulas, Equations and Amount of Substance Definitions Flashcards

(24 cards)

1
Q

Element

A

A substance that consists of only one type of atom and cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means

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2
Q

Compound

A

A substance that consists of two or more elements chemically combined

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3
Q

Mixture

A

Consists of two or more substances that are easily separated

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4
Q

Molecule

A

This is a particle that consists of two or more atoms chemically bonded together. (The atoms can be same or different.)

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5
Q

Diatomic molecules

A

Means that there are two atoms covalently bonded in the molecule. E.g. hydrogen is H2

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6
Q

Molecular ion

A

Two or more atoms covalently bonded with an overall charge

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7
Q

Monatomic

A

Consists of one atom e.g. noble gases exist as individual atoms

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8
Q

Isotopes

A

Atoms which have the same atomic number but different mass number (contains the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons)

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9
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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10
Q

Mass number

A

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

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11
Q

Allotrope

A

These are different forms of the same element in the same physical state. E.g. diamond, graphite and graphene

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12
Q

Melting point

A

This is the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid

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13
Q

Boiling point

A

This is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas

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14
Q

Sublimation

A

This is the direct change from a solid to a gas

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15
Q

Mole

A

The amount of substance which contains the Avogadro constant of atoms, molecules or groups of ions.

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16
Q

Molar mass

A

The mass of one mole of a substance

17
Q

Relative atomic mass (RAM)

A

The average (weighted mean) mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

18
Q

Relative molecular mass (RMM)

A

The average (weighted mean) mass of a molecule relative to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

19
Q

Relative formula mass (RFM)

A

The average (weighted mean) mass of a formula unit relative to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon 12.

20
Q

Relative isotopic mass (RIM)

A

The mass of an atom of an isotope of an element relative to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

21
Q

Avogadro constant

A

The number of atoms in 12. 000 g of carbon-12.

22
Q

Anhydrous (salt)

A

A salt which contains no water of crystallisation

23
Q

Hydrated (salt)

A

A salt which contains water of crystallisation

24
Q

Water of crystallisation

A

Water Chemically bonded with a crystal structure