Fortified wines

Question 1

True or false: a fortified wine is a wine which has had additional alcohol added.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Is Port always sweet?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Is Sherry always sweet?

Answer 3

No. It can be dry or sweet

Question 4

What is the name for the ageing system in Sherry where old oak casks containing wines of different ages are continually blended together?

Answer 4

Solera

Question 5

Name the 3 most important styles of dry Sherry.

Answer 5

Fino
Oloroso
Amontillado

Question 6

What is the name of the layer of yeast under which some styles of Sherry are aged?

Answer 6

Flor

Question 7

What style of Sherry is best described as: “Dry, pale lemon in colour with aromas of apple, almonds and pronounced flavours derived from the “flor” (bread dough)”?

Answer 7

Fino Sherry

Question 8

Is Fino Sherry made to be cellared, or should it be consumed as early as possible.

Answer 8

Consumed as early as possible

Question 9

Is Fino Sherry aged:
-biologically only
-oxidatively only
-both biologically and oxidatively

Answer 9

biologically only

Question 10

Is Oloroso Sherry aged:
-biologically only
-oxidatively only
-both biologically and oxidatively

Answer 10

oxidatively only

Question 11

Is Amontillado Sherry aged:
-biologically only
-oxidatively only
-both biologically and oxidatively

Answer 11

both biologically and oxidatively

Question 12

What style of Sherry is best described as: “Dry, brown in colour with flavours of dried fruits (raisins, prunes) and notes of deliberate oxidation (walnuts, caramel)”

Answer 12

Oloroso

Question 13

What style of Sherry is best described as: “Dry, with flavours of both flor (bread dough) and from oxidative ageing (walnuts, caramel)”?

Answer 13

Amontillado

Question 14

What grape variety is used to produce the dry styles of Sherry?

Answer 14

Palomino

Question 15

What is the name of the Sherry style which is a Fino sherry which has been sweetened?

Answer 15

Pale Cream

Question 16

What are the names of the Sherry styles which are Amontillado or Oloroso sherry which have been sweetened?

Answer 16

Medium
Cream

Question 17

What is the name of the grape variety used in PX (Pedro Ximénez) Sherry?

Answer 17

Pedro Ximénez

Question 18

Which style of Sherry is made by using sun dried grapes and ageing the wine oxidat6ively?

Answer 18

PX (Pedro Ximénez)

Question 19

Describe the characteristics of PX (Pedro Ximénez) Sherry:
-Colour
-Sweetnes
-Flavours

Answer 19

Deep brown
Sweet
Pronounced dried fruit flavours (fig, prune, raisin), liquorice and molasses

Question 20

True or false: PX (Pedro Ximénez) Sherry is often used as the sweetening component for Cream Sherries.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

In which wine region are the grapes for Port grown?

Answer 21

Upper Douro, Portugal

Question 22

Is Port typically made with a single variety, or a blend of multiple grape varieties?

Answer 22

Blend of multiple local black grape varieties

Question 23

Is Port fortified during or after fermentation?

Answer 23

During fermentation

Question 24

What was the traditional way to rapidly extract colour and tannins in Port winemaking?

Answer 24

Food treading (can now also be done by machine)

Question 25

What happens when a grape spirit is added to the fermenting wine during Port production?

Answer 25

The alcohol in the grape spirit kills the yeast and fermentation stops (leaving sugar behind)

Question 26

Which style of port is made from the highest quality wines from a single exceptional year? -Ruby Port -Late Bottled Vintage (LBV) -Vintage Port -Tawny Port

Answer 26

Vintage Port (LBV is also from a single year, but not from the highest quality wines from exceptional years)

Question 27

Which port style is best described as: "Sweet, fruity, with simple cooked red and black fruit flavours": -Ruby Port -Late Bottled Vintage (LBV) -Vintage Port -Tawny Port

Answer 27

Ruby Port

Question 28

Which port style might have an age indication of 10, 20, 30, 40 years? -Ruby Port -Late Bottled Vintage (LBV) -Vintage Port -Tawny Port

Answer 28

Tawny Port

Question 29

Which port style has the potential to age in bottle for 20 or more years? -Ruby Port -Late Bottled Vintage (LBV) -Vintage Port -Tawny Port

Answer 29

Vintage Port

Question 30

Which port style is likely to have tertiary flavours like dried fruit, walnut, coffee, caramel when released for sale? -Ruby Port -Late Bottled Vintage (LBV) -Vintage Port -Tawny Port

Answer 30

Tawny Port

Question 31

Why will an aged Vintage Port require decanting before serving?

Answer 31

A thick deposit forms during the ageing process