Foundations Of Biology

Question 1

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 1

The cell

Question 2

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The cell theory states that all living things are composed of ______.

Answer 3

cells

Question 4

What are the two main types of cells?

Answer 4

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Question 5

Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?

Answer 5

Prokaryotic cell

Question 6

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 6

To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 7

True or False: Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell called?

Answer 8

Cytoplasm

Question 9

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Answer 9

Mitochondria

Question 10

What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

Answer 10

To synthesize proteins

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the control center of the cell.

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

What structure in plant cells provides rigidity and support?

Answer 12

Cell wall

Question 13

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

Answer 13

Chloroplast

Question 14

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 14

To synthesize proteins and lipids

Question 15

True or False: The Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Answer 16

To digest and break down waste materials in the cell

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The ______ is involved in cell division.

Answer 17

centrosome

Question 18

What is the main component of the cell membrane?

Answer 18

Phospholipids

Question 19

Define osmosis.

Answer 19

The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Question 20

What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

Answer 20

Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.

Question 21

Which process involves the engulfing of large particles by the cell?

Answer 21

Phagocytosis

Question 22

What is the role of the plasma membrane?

Answer 22

To maintain homeostasis and protect the cell.

Question 23

What is the primary purpose of cell communication?

Answer 23

To coordinate activities and respond to changes in the environment.

Question 24

What is a stem cell?

Answer 24

A cell with the ability to differentiate into various cell types.

Question 25

True or False: All cells in an organism have the same DNA.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What are the four main types of macromolecules in cells?

Answer 26

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 27

What is the function of DNA?

Answer 27

To store and transmit genetic information.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the site of lipid synthesis.

Answer 28

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 29

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

Answer 29

Hydrogen bonds

Question 30

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Answer 30

To speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.

Question 31

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Answer 31

Amino acids

Question 32

Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?

Answer 32

mRNA (messenger RNA)

Question 33

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 33

To provide structural support and shape to the cell.

Question 34

True or False: All cells have a cell wall.

Answer 34

False