Four Aspects Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the Four Aspects, and their general treatment principle?
1) Wei / Defense level - Release exterior
2) Qi level - Clear heat, Generate fluids
3) Ying / Construction level - Outthrust heat to Qi level
4) Xue / Blood level - Cool blood, Stop bleeding
Where does pathological change occur at the Wei / Defense level?
Defense / Wei governs the exterior. So pathogen affects the LU, or upper jiao.
Where does pathological change occur at the Qi level?
Qi aspect governs the interior. So pathogenic change occurs in organs.
Where does pathological change occur at the Ying / Construction level?
Ying / Construction aspect is heat entering the HT. So disease affects HT & PC.
Where does pathological change occur at the Xue level?
Xue level heat enters HT, LV, KD. So heat will stir the blood, leading to reckless movement of blood (bleeding).
What are the essential characteristics of Warm Diseases?
1) manifest with general symptoms of WH in the early stages
2) always a fever
3) infectious
4) WH penetrates thru mouth
5) pathogenic factor is particularly strong
6) WH has strong tendency to become interior heat
7) once in interior, heat has tendency to dry up body fluids
Warm Disease pathogens enter via the ___ & ___.
nose & mouth
T or F: Latent or depressed heat can re-emerge as warm diseases.
True
T or F: There can be diseases that emerge from interior and move outwards, or start at Blood level and move outward to Qi level.
True
What is “simultaneous disease”?
- When over the course of disease, Wei level is not resolved but combines with Qi or Ying level.
- Or, if disease is in the Qi level AND Ying or Blood level at the same time, causing blazing of qi and blood.
What are the factors that affect transmuting of disease?
- strength of pathogen
- strength or weakness of body
- proper treatment
What are the Defense / Wei aspect patterns?
Wind Warmth Exterior Pattern
only one Defense / Wei level pattern
What are the main signs & sx of the Wind Warmth Exterior Pattern? What is the treatment principle?
1) Fever (more than chills)
2) Aversion to wind/cold
3) Slightly sweating
4) SORE, PAINFUL throat
5) Nasal congestion
6) Body aches
7) Slight thirst
8) Tongue: red tip & sides, thin white coat
9) Pulse: floating, rapid
TX: Clear heat, Resolve the exterior
What is the #1 symptom of a Wind Warmth Exterior Pattern?
painful, sore throat
What are the Qi aspect patterns?
1) Qi Aspect Heat Exuberance
2) Heat Evil Obstructing Lung
3) Binding Heat in Stomach & Intestines
What are the main signs & sx of the Qi Aspect Heat Exuberance pattern? What is the treatment principle?
1) Vigorous fever
2) Aversion to heat
3) Sweating
4) Thirst
5) Tongue: red body, dry yellow coat
6) Pulse: surging, large, rapid (4 Bigs)
TX: Clear heat, Drain fire
- Note: Sx & Tx are same as Yang Ming Channel Disease.
What are the main signs & sx of Heat Evil Obstructing Lung? What is the treatment principle?
1) High fever
2) Painful, barking cough
3) Thick, yellow phlegm
4) Thirst
5) Chest oppression & pain from cough
6) Tongue: red body, yellow coat
7) Pulse: rapid
TX: Clear heat, Transform phlegm, Subdue cough
What are the main signs & sx of Binding Heat in Stomach & Intestines? What is the treatment principle?
1) High fever, or only afternoon tidal fever
2) Constipation or no BM
3) Abdominal fullness, distention
4) May have clouded shen (hallucinating from fever)
5) Thirst
6) Tongue: yellow dry coat, or burnt with prickles
7) Pulse: deep, full
TX: Clear heat, Purge accumulation
How do Ying / Construction aspect patterns develop?
- Generally due to Qi level heat sinking deeper.
- Or could be result of LU defense not being resolved, but affecting the PC directly, as a matter of proximity in upper iao.
- Or could be from latent heat emerging in Ying level.
What are the Ying / Construction aspect patterns?
1) Heat Damaging Construction/Ying
2) Heat Blocking the Pericardium
What are the main signs & sx of Heat Damaging Construction/Ying? What is the treatment principle?
1) Extreme body fever at night
2) Heart vexation
3) Sleeplessness / Insomnia
4) Maculopapular eruptions of skin
5) DRY MOUTH, BUT NO THIRST
6) Tongue: red-crimson tongue body with no coat
7) Pulse: fine, rapid
TX: Clear heat, Outthrust heat to Qi level
What is the difference between macules and papules?
- Macules are discolorations of skin that are flat.
- Papules are raised.
What are the main signs & sx of Heat Blocking the Pericardium? What is the treatment principle?
1) Extreme heat
2) Night fever
3) Clouded spirit
4) Delirious speech
5) Retraction of tongue
6) Tongue: fresh crimson tongue body, or dry and dusky with no spirit; NO coat (no yin)
TX: Clear heat, Open the orifices
How do Xue / Blood aspect patterns develop?
- Emerges from further development of Ying level heat.
- Or develops from heat in the blood.
