Fouty- Pathophys of restrictive disease

Question 1

takes work to breathe; that work has to overcome what 2 things

Answer 1

elastic recoil of resp. system
airflow resistance

Question 2

these 2 things are held at equilibrium at FRC (equal and opposite pressures)

Answer 2

lung and chest wall

Question 3

pleural pressure at FRC

Answer 3

-4, -5 cmH2O

Question 4

increased pressure to overcome airflow resistance (why they come in w/ dyspnea bc working harder to breath)

Answer 4

obstructive physiology

Question 5

increased pressure to overcome elastic recoil of entire system (comes into play with people with dyspnea)

Answer 5

restrictive physiology

Question 6

measure of lung stiffness

Answer 6

compliance

Question 7

lower at high volumes and higher at low volumes

Answer 7

compliance

Question 8

Takes more pressure to get same tidal volume

Answer 8

restrictive physiology

Question 9

takes less pressure to get same tidal volume due to high compliance in this physiology

Answer 9

obstructive

Question 10

_____indirectly contributes to lung inflation by creating the necessary pressure gradient for transpulmonary pressure to function and keep lungs inflated

Answer 10

pleural pressure

Question 11

if the lung gets less stiff, ____ increases

Answer 11

FRC

Question 12

if the lung gets more stiff, ____ decreases

Answer 12

FRC

Question 13

defined as TLC<LLN (reduced lung volumes)

Answer 13

restrictive disease

Question 14

increase in lung ______ leads to restrictive disease

Answer 14

elastic recoil

Question 15

3 ways to increase lung elastic recoil (stiffness)

Answer 15

increase in tissue content
increase in lung water
increase in surface tension

Question 16

this is due to increase in tissue content

Answer 16

interstitial lung disease

Question 17

due to increase in lung water

Answer 17

CHF (congestive heart failure)
ARDS (acute resp. distress syndrome)

Question 18

due to increase in surface tension

Answer 18

RDS (resp. distress syndrome)
ARDS

Question 19

Answer 19

congestive heart failure (increased lung water)

Question 20

less pressure is required during ____ than during _____

Answer 20

deflation than during inflation

Question 21

easier to keep airways open than to

Answer 21

open them

Question 22

Answer 22

interstitial lung disease

Question 23

____ disease can decrease compliance and decrease DLCO

Answer 23

interstitial lung disease

Question 24

Answer 24

interstitial lung disease

Question 25

Answer 25

interstitial lung disease

Question 26

Answer 26

restrictive lung disease (smaller lung volumes, lots of white, cardiac outline less clear)

Question 27

Answer 27

honeycombing pulmonary fibrosis

Question 28

_____ and _____ run together and are supported by peribronchovascular interstitium

Answer 28

bronchi and pulm. arteries

Question 29

effective at identifying interstitial lung disease

Answer 29

CT

Question 30

inorganic (chemicals) occupational and environmental exposure related to ILD

Answer 30

silicosis asbestos

Question 31

an increase in elastic recoil in ILD leads to a ____ in FRC

Answer 31

decreased

Question 32

______ disease mostly a disease of the lung itself

Answer 32

obstructive disease

Question 33

_____ disease of lung OR chest wall

Answer 33

restrictive disease

Question 34

Answer 34

pleural effusion

Question 35

Answer 35

tension pneumothorax on L side

Question 36

pleural plaque seen on L hemidiaphragm

Answer 36

restrictive disease due to exposure of asbestos

Question 37

Answer 37

restrictive physiology due to pleural disease

Question 38

___ and ___ of the chest wall can cause restrictive disease

Answer 38

scoliosis and kyphosis

Question 39

End stage liver disease w/ cirrhosis belly full of ascites can cause what

Answer 39

restrictive physiology

Question 40

pregnant women can have what disease

Answer 40

restrictive lung disease

Question 41

obesity can cause ____ physiology

Answer 41

restrictive

Question 42

TLC < LLN (ATS/ERS) or < 80% predicted (GOLD) FRC < LLN(ATS/ERS) or < 80% predicted (GOLD)

Answer 42

restrictive physiology

Question 43

_____ can be helpful in discriminating pulmonary vs non-pulmonary causes of restrictive physiology

Answer 43

DLCO

Question 44

_____ usually decreased in pulmonary causes of restrictive disease

Answer 44

DLCO

Question 45

____ normal if restrictive physiology due to chest wall abnormality

Answer 45

DLCO

Question 46

4 main causes of restrictive disease

Answer 46

increase in lung elastic recoil pleural disease chest wall disease resp. muscle weakness

Question 47

reduced lung volumes (TLC < LLN) with FEV1/FVC < LLN or 0.70

Answer 47

mixed obstructive and restrictive disease

Question 48

coal miner who smokes can have what disease

Answer 48

mixed obstructive and restrictive

Question 49

obese person with alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency can have what disease

Answer 49

mixed obstructive and restrictive disease