Fractional distillation

Question 1

What is Crude oil

Answer 1

A fossil fuel its formed form remains of organisms mainly plankton buried in mud over millions of years high temp and pressure

remains turn to crude oil which can be drilled from rocks where its found

Question 2

Crude oil

Answer 2

Is a mix of hydrocarbons mainly alkanes

Question 3

How is crude oil separated

Answer 3

Fractional distillation

Question 4

Steps of fractional distillation

Answer 4

The oil is heated until most of it turns into gas the gases enter a fractional column(and liquid bit drained off

In column there’s temperature gradient (It’s hotter at the bottom cooler top

The longer the hydrocarbon the higher the boiling point. They condense back into liquids and drain out of the column early when there near the bottom.

Shorter the hydrocarbon the lower boiling point so will condense and drain out much later on near top

Question 5

What do you end up with after hydrocarbons have finished fractional distillation

Answer 5

You end uo with the crude oil mixture separated into different fractions .

Each fraction contains mixture of hydrocarbon that contain similar number of carbon atoms so similar boiling points

Question 6

What type of hydrocarbons are condensed at which point

Answer 6

40 c atoms heavy fuel oil(used for heating oil , fuel oil or lubricating

20 c diesel oil

15c kerosene *jet fuel

8c car fuel

Liquefied petroleum 3c gas contains mostly propane and butane