Fracture complications Flashcards
compartment syndrome (5 cards)
1
Q
What is compartment syndrome?
A
A condition of raised pressure within a closed anatomical space (fascial compartment), compromising tissue perfusion and leading to necrosis.
2
Q
Name two types of fractures commonly associated with compartment syndrome.
A
Supracondylar fractures and tibial shaft injuries
3
Q
Describe the presentation of compartment syndrome
A
- Pain, especially on movement (passive stretching)
- excessive use of breakthrough analgesia
- paraesthesia
- pallor
- paralysis
- The presence of a pulse does not rule out compartment syndrome
4
Q
How is compartment syndrome diagnosed?
A
- measurement of intracompartmental pressure. Pressures in excess of 20mmHg are abnormal and >40mmHg is diagnostic
- will typically not show any pathology on an x-ray
5
Q
How is compartment syndrome managed
A
orthopaedic emergency
- remove casts/ occlusive dressings
- Prompt and extensive fasciotomies
- amputation if significant muscle necrosis
