FRACTURES

Question 1

FRACTURE

Answer 1

BREAK IN CONTINUATIY OF THE BONE

OVER 2 MILLION FX OCCUR OF THE LONG BONES: Ie: arm, humerus, radius, ulnar

Question 2

TYPES OF FRACTURES

Answer 2

COMPLETE, INCOMPLETE.,PARTIAL OR FRAGMENTED

Question 3

Etiology of Fractures

Answer 3

TRAUMA OR PATHOLOGICAL

Question 4

TRAUMA FRACTURE

Answer 4

1. Trauma (an injury or wound)
   a. Direct Violence: FRACTURE AT SITE OF IMPACT. IE: FRACTURE WHERE CAR HIT
   b. Indirect Violence: FRACTURE OCCURS AT ANOTHER SITE IE: HAND PUT OUT TO BREAK FALL…HAND DOESN’T BREAK BUT SHOULDER DOES

Question 5

PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURE

Answer 5

(Spontaneous): IE:OSETOMALACIA, OSTEOPOROSIS FRACTURES OCCUR DUE TO BONE DISEASE

Question 6

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF FRACTURES

Answer 6

• LOSS OF MOVEMENT
• PAIN
• EDEMA
• ECCHYOMOSIS (BRUISE)
• HEMATOMA

Question 7

TREATMENT OF FRACTURES

Answer 7

FIRST AID, REDUCE FRACTURE, DEBRIDEMENT, CASTING, BONE GRAFTING, ELECTRICAL STIMULATION, PHYSICAL THERAPY

Question 8

1. First aid OF TREATMENT OF FRACTURE

Answer 8

SPLINT/TX SHOCK

-ELEVATE

Question 9

2. Reduce fracture

Answer 9

DOCTOR REALIGNMENT OF BONE ..POSSIBLY POPPING JOPINT BACK INTO PLACE

Question 10

CLOSED REDUCTION

Answer 10

to set (reduce) a broken bone without cutting the skin open
IE:POPPING BACK INTO PLACE AND PUTTING CAST ON IT

Question 11

OPEN REDUCTION

Answer 11

INTERNAL FIXATION:ORIF SURGICALLY PUTTING IT BACK INTO PLACE AND PUTTING CAST ON IT

Question 12

DEBRIDEMENT

Answer 12

procedure for treating a wound in the skin. It involves thoroughly cleaning the wound and removing all hyperkeratotic (thickened skin or callus), infected, and nonviable (necrotic or dead) tissue, foreign debris, and residual material from dressings.

Question 13

APPLICATION OF A CAST (CASTING)

Answer 13

(KEEP CAST DRY, CHECK FOR NUMBNESS, TINGLING, COLOR & TEMP OF FINGERS AND TOES) THE CASTS ARE USUALLY FIBERGLASS(CAN GET LIGHTLY WET AND USUALLY SMELL) OR PLASTER (CANNOT GET WET)

Question 14

BONE GRAFTING

Answer 14

surgical procedure that uses transplanted bone to repair and rebuild diseased or damaged bones
IE: DENTAL IMPLANT

Question 15

DISLOCATION

Answer 15

is a separation of two bones where they meet at a joint.

LIGAMENTS OVERSTRETCHED OR RIPPED

Question 16

DISPLACEMENT

Answer 16

process of removing something from its usual or proper place or the state resulting from this : dislocation the displacement of a knee joint.

Question 17

Sprain

Answer 17

ACUTE INJURY, LIGAMENT EXTREMETIY IS MOVED OUT OF PLACE AND IT IS TORN OR STRETCHED

Question 18

Subluxation

Answer 18

PARTIAL DISLOCATION D/T TRAUMA

Bone becomes misaligned when compared to the bones located above it and below it

Question 19

BONE HEALING - DIVIDED INTO 3 PHASES

Answer 19

Inflammatory: HEMATOMA FORMATION (PUDDLING OF BLOOD)

2. Reparative: CALLUS FORMATION IE:BRUISING SWELLING
3. Remodeling: OSTEOBLASTS&FIBROBLASTS FORM AND GIVE STRENGTH

Question 20

FACTORS INFLUENCING BONE HEALING

Answer 20

TYPE OF BONE (LONG BONES HEAL QUICKER),AMOUNT OF TRAUMA, BONE LOSS, AGE. DELAYED UNION (HEALING TAKES LONGER)
,NON-UNION (DOESN’T HEAL)

Question 21

CAUSES OF NON-UNION

Answer 21

INFECTION, CIRCULATORY IMPAIRMENT, SEPARATION OF BONE FRAGMENTS, LOSS OF BONE SUBSTANCES

Question 22

MAL-UNION

Answer 22

HEALS BUT DOESN’T HEAL CORRECTLY, MAY HAVE TO BE REBROKEN AND SET AGAIN

Question 23

INFECTION

Answer 23

OSTEOMYELTITIS:BONE INFECTION

Question 24

CHONDO

Answer 24

RELATING TO CARTILAGE

Question 25

MYASTHENIA

Answer 25

autoimmune disease involving extreme weakness of CERTAIN muscles

Question 26

OSTEOPATHY

Answer 26

SOME TYPE OF BONE DISEASE

Question 27

ORTHOPEDICS

Answer 27

SCIENCE OF BONE AND MUSCLE

Question 28

Osteochondritis

Answer 28

painful type of osteochondrosis where the cartilage or bone in a joint is inflamed

Question 29

Osteogenesis

Answer 29

ORIGINATES IN THE BONE

Question 30

ARTHRALGIA

Answer 30

JOINT PAIN

Question 31

Osteochondritis dissecans

Answer 31

is a bone and cartilage condition that most often occurs in the knee

Question 32

SIMPLE FRACTURE(CLOSED)

Answer 32

DISPLACED/NOT. NOT BREAKING THROUGH THE SKIN

Question 33

COMPOUND FRACTURE (OPEN)

Answer 33

BONE STICKING THROUGH SKIN

Question 34

COMMINUTED

Answer 34

SPLINTERED BONE. VERY HARD TO FIX

Question 35

IMPACTED

Answer 35

TYPICALLY HIP OR SHOULDER. the broken ends of the bone are jammed together by the force of the injury.

Question 36

INCOMPLETE FRACTURE

Answer 36

BONE BREAKS BUT NOT ALL THE WAY THROUGH

Question 37

GREENSTICK FRACTURE

Answer 37

BONE BREAKS AND BENDS. DOESN'T BREAK ALL THE WAY THROUGH. HAPPENS ONLY IN CHILDREN

Question 38

DEPRESSED

Answer 38

ONLY IN SKULL . SKULL IS PRESSED DOWN. TYPICALLY HAPPENS BY FALLING OR IMPACTS TO THE HEAD

Question 39

COMPRESSED FRACTURE

Answer 39

HAPPENS IN THE SPINE. ASSOCIATED WITH OSTEOPOROSIS. TYPICALLY IN OLDER AGE